Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Diversity of the seaweed flora of the Philippines and its utilization

  • Conference paper
Sixteenth International Seaweed Symposium

Part of the book series: Developments in Hydrobiology ((DIHY,volume 137))

Abstract

Some 820 species of marine macrobenthic algae, including many species of Cyanophyta, are reported from the Philippines. These consist of 472 species of Rhodophyta belonging to 37 families and 11 orders, 134 species of Phaeophyta belonging to 10 families and 7 orders and 214 species of Chlorophyta belonging to 11 families and 7 orders. The Rhodophyta comprise 57.6%, the Phaeophyta 16.3% and the Chlorophyta 26.1% of the flora. Many of these species are of economic importance as food, sources of industrial products such as polysaccharides, bioactive and nutritional natural products, and growth promoting substances. Farming seaweeds is presently one of the most productive and environmentally friendly forms of livelihood for coastal populations. More than 80 000 people have been estimated to culture some 10000 ha of the coastal area. For example, production of farmed Kappaphycus/Eucheuma reached 58 324 dry metric tons in 1995 and was valued at US$44 million dollars. Production areas are concentrated in the southern Philippines. Other species in limited commercial production are Caulerpa lentillifera through farming, Gracilaria species through farming and gathering of local wild stocks and Gelidiella acerosa from harvesting wild stocks. Today, seaweeds and their products are the third most important fishery export.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Aguilar-Santos, G. & M. S. Doty, 1968. Chemical studies of 3 species of the marine algal genus Caulerpa. In Freudenthal, H.D. (ed.), Drugs from the Sea: Transactions of the Drugs from the Sea Symposium. University of Rhode Island, 27–29 August 1967. Marine Technology Society, Washington: 173–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker, J. T., 1984. Seaweeds in pharmaceutical studies and applications. Hydrobiologia 116/117: 29–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barton, E. S., 1901. The genus Halimeda. Siboga Exped. Monogr. 60: 1–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bersamin, S. V., R. B. Benania & R. Rustia, 1967. Protein from seaweeds for animal feed substitutes. Phillip. J. Sci. 96: 159–175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blanco, M., 1837. Flora de Filipinas. Manila, 887 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buschmann, A. H., M. Troell, N. Kautsky & L. Kautsky, 1996. Integrated tank cultivation of salmonids and Gracilaria chilensis (Gracilariales, Rhodophyta). Hydrobiologia 326/327: 75–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chidambaram, K. & M. M. Unny, 1953. Note on the value of seaweeds as manure. Proc. Int. Seaweed Symp. 1: 67–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou, R. C.-Y., 1945. Pacific species of Galaxaura, I: Asexual types. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci., Arts Lett. 30: 35–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chou, R. C.-Y., 1947. Pacific species of Galaxaura. II: Sexual types. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci., Arts Lett. 31: 3–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Decaisne, J., 1842a. Essais sur une classification des algues et des polypers calciferes de Lamoroux. Ann. Sci. nat. Bot. ser. 2, 17: 297–380

    Google Scholar 

  • Decaisne, J., 1842b. Essais sur une classification des algues et des polypers calciferes de Lamoroux. Memoire sur les corallines ou polypiers calciferes. Ann. Sci. nat. Bot. ser. 2, 18: 96–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diaz-Piferrer, M., 1979. Contributions and potentialities of Caribbean marine algae in pharmacology. In Hoppe, H. A., T. Levring & Y. Tanaka (eds), Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin: 149–164.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickie, G., 1874. On the algae of Mauritius. J. linn. Soc. Bot. 14: 190–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickie, G., 1876a. Contributions to the botany of the expedition of H.M.S. ‘Challenger.’ — Algae, Chiefly Polynesian. J. linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 235–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickie, G., 1876b. Notes on algae collected by H. N. Moseley, M. A., of H.M.S. ‘Challenger’, chiefly obtained in Torres Straits, Coasts of Japan, and Juan Fernanadez. J. linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 446–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickie, G., 1877. Supplemental notes on algae collected by H. N. Mosely, M. A. of H.M.S. ‘Challenger’, from various localities. J. linn. Soc. Bot. 15: 486–489.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doty, M. S. & V. B. Alvarez, 1973. Seaweed farms: A new approach for the U.S. Industry. In Proceedings of the 9th Annual Conference of Marine Technology Society, Washington D.C. 1873: 701–708.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fenical, W. O., J. McConnel & A. Stone, 1979. Antibiotic and antiseptic compounds from the family Bonnemaisoiaceae (Flor-ideophyceae). Proc. int. Seaweed Symp. 9: 387–400.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao, K. & K. H. McKinley, 1994. Use of macroalgae for marine bio-mass production and CO2 remediation: a review. J. appl. Phycol. 6: 45–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gepp, A. & E. S. Gepp, 1911. The Codiaceae of the Siboga Expedition including a monograph of Flabellariaceae and Udoteae. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 62, 150 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, W. J., 1942. Notes on Caulerpa from Java and the Philippines. Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci., Arts Lett. 27: 7–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, W. J., 1943. Studies on Philippine Chlorophyceae, I: Dasycladaceae, Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci., Arts Lett. 28: 15–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, W J., 1947. Studies on Philippine Chlorophyceae, III: The Codiaceae. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 74: 73–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guzman, L. B. de, 1978. Carrageenan as heavy metal binders. B.S. Thesis, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 43 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoppe, H. A., 1979. Marine algae and their products and constituents in pharmacy. In Hoppe, H. A., T. Levring & Y. Tanaka (eds), Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin: 25–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lahaye, M. & D. Jegou, 1993. Chemical and physical-chemical characteristics of dietary fibers from Ulva lactuca (L.) Thuret and Enteromorpha compressa (L.) Grev. J. appl. Phycol. 5: 195–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leon, S. Y. de, R. M. Guirriec & L. N. Panlasiqui, 1980. Alternative foods for the growing population. National Bookstore, Inc. Metro Manila, Philippines: 50–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, J. G., N. F. Stanley & G. G. Guist, 1988. Commercial production and applications of algal hydrocolloids. In Lembi, C. A. & J. R. Waaland (eds), Algae and Human Affairs. Cambridge University Press, New York: 205–236.

    Google Scholar 

  • Luistro, A. H., N. E. Montaño, G. J. B. Cajipe & E. C. Lasema, 1987. Protein content of some Philippine seaweeds with notes on the amino acid content of Ulva lactuca L. and Gracilaria verrucosa (Huds.) Papenfuss. Philipp. J. Sci. 17: 23–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martens, G. von, (1866) 1868. Die tange. In Die Preussische Expedition nach Ost-Asien; Nach amtlichen Quellen: Botanischer Theil, Berlin, 152 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michanek, G., 1979. Seaweed resources for pharmaceutical uses. In Hoppe; H.A., T. Levring; Y. Tanaka (eds), Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin: 203–235.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montagne, C., 1844. Plantae cellulares quas in insulis philip-pinensibus a cl. Cuming collectae recensuit, observationibus non nullis descriptionibusque illustravit C. Montagne. D.M. London J. Bot. 3: 658–662.

    Google Scholar 

  • Montaño, N. E. & L. M. Tupas, 1990. Plant growth hormonal activities of aqueous extracts from Philippine seaweeds. SICEN Leaflet, Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Diriman, Quezon City 1101: 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mshigeni, K. E., 1982. Seaweed resources in Tanzania: a survey of potential sources for industrial phycocolloids and for other uses. In Hoppe, H. A., & T. Levring (eds), Marine Algae in Pharmaceutical Science, vol. 2. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin: 131–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piccone, A., 1886. Alghe del viaggio di circumnavigazione della Vettor Pisani, Genova, 97 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Piccone, A., 1889. Nuove alghe del viaggio di curcumnavigazione della ‘Vettor Pisani’. Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, Memorie di Classe di Scienze Fisiche, Matematiche e Naturale, series 4, 6:10–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ragan, M. A., 1981. Chemical constituents of seaweeds. In Lobban, C. S. & M. J. Wynne (eds), The Biology of Seaweeds. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford: 589–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, P., E. G. Menez & R. L. Moe, 1987. Catalog of the benthic marine algae of the Philippines. Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences No. 27, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C., 179 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, W R., 1964. The genus Turbinarla in Eastern Seas. J. linn. Soc. Bot. 58: 475–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, W. R., 1966. Records on Indo-Pacific Turbinarias. Hydrobiologia 28: 91–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trono, G. C. Jr., 1992. The genus Sargassum in the Philippines. In Abbott, I. A. (ed.), Taxonomy of Economic Seaweeds with Reference to some Pacific and Western Atlantic Species (vol. 3). California Sea Grant College Program, University of California, La Jolla, California: 43–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trono, G. C. Jr., 1997. Field Guide and Atlas of the Seaweed Resources of the Philippines. Bookmark, Inc., Manila, Philippines, 303 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trono, G. C. Jr. & E. T. Ganzon-Fortez, 1988. Philippine Seaweeds. National Bookstore, Inc., Manila, Philippines, 330 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tseng, C. K. & W. J. Gilbert, 1942. On new algae of the genus Codium from the South China Sea. J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 32: 291–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-van Bosse, A., 1904. Corallinae verae of the Malay Archipelago. In Weber-van Bosse, A. & M. Foslie (eds), The Corallinaceae of the Siboga-Expedition. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 61:78–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-van Bosse, A., 1913. Liste des algues du Siboga, I. Myxo-phyceae, Chlorophyceae, Phaeophyceae avec le concours de M. Th. Reinbold. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 59a: 1–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-van Bosse, A., 1921. Liste des algues du Siboga, II: Rhodophyceae, Premiere partie: Protoflorideae, Nemalionales, Cryptonemiales. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 59b: 187–310.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-van Bosse, A., 1923. Liste des algues du Siboga, II: Rhodophyceae, Seconde partie. Ceramiales. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 59c: 311–392.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weber-van Bosse, A., 1928. Liste des algues du Siboga, II: Rhodophyceae. Troisieme partie. Gigartinales et Rhodymeniales et tableau de la distribution des Chlorophycees, Phaeophycees et Rhodophycees de l’Archipel Malaisien. Siboga-Exped. Monogr. 59d: 393–533.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, 1101, Philippines

    Gavino C. Trono Jr.

Authors
  1. Gavino C. Trono Jr.
    View author publications

    Search author on:PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Joanna M. Kain Murray T. Brown Marc Lahaye

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this paper

Cite this paper

Trono, G.C. (1999). Diversity of the seaweed flora of the Philippines and its utilization. In: Kain, J.M., Brown, M.T., Lahaye, M. (eds) Sixteenth International Seaweed Symposium. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 137. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4449-0_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4449-0_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5909-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4449-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics