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. 2012 Dec;102(7):3652-3673.
doi: 10.1257/aer.102.7.3652.

The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity

Joshua Graff Zivin  1 , Matthew Neidell  2
Affiliations

The Impact of Pollution on Worker Productivity

Joshua Graff Zivin et al. Am Econ Rev. 2012 Dec.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Standardized Average Hourly Pieces Collected by Crop and for All Crops
Notes: This figure plots the standardized average hourly pieces for each of the three crops and all crops, along with a nonparametric kernel density estimate. We standardize average hourly productivity by subtracting the minimum number of pieces per hour required to reach the piece-rate regime and dividing by the standard deviation of productivity for each crop. The vertical line reflects the regime threshold for crossing from the minimum wage to the piece-rate regime, which is zero for all crops given the standardization.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Variation in Productivity by Worker, All Crops
Notes: This figure plots the mean of the standardized average hourly pieces for all crops by worker. We standardize average hourly productivity by subtracting the minimum number of pieces per hour required to reach the piece-rate regime and dividing by the standard deviation of productivity for each crop.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Variation in Productivity by Day, All Crops
Notes: This figure plots the mean of the standardized average hourly pieces for all crops by day. We standardize average hourly productivity by subtracting the minimum number of pieces per hour required to reach the piece rate regime and dividing by the standard deviation of productivity for each crop.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Average Demeaned Daily Ozone and Temperature, and Crop Harvest Days, by Year
Note: These figures plot demeaned ozone and temperature levels by day for 2009 and 2010, and indicate the days each of the three crops were harvested.
Figure 5
Figure 5. Regression Results of the Effect of Ozone on Productivity Using More Flexible Controls for Ozone
Notes: This figure plots the coefficients for the ozone indicator variables (< 30 ppb reference category), with the 95 percent confidence interval based on standard errors clustered on date and worker in gray. The dependent variable is standardized hourly pieces collected, which is the average hourly productivity minus the minimum number of pieces per hour required to reach the piece rate regime, divided by the standard deviation of productivity for each crop. The regression includes controls for gender, farm tenure (quadratic), temperature (2.5 degree F indicators), solar radiation, temperature (2.5 degree F indicators) × solar radiation, air pressure, wind speed, dew point (2.5 degree F indicators), precipitation, particulate matter < 2.5 μg, day of week dummies, month × year dummies, and piece rate contract type dummies. All environmental variables are the mean of hourly values from 6 am–3 pm.
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