Quantum computational advantage using photons

doi:10.1126/science.abe8770

. 2020 Dec 18;370(6523):1460-1463.

doi: 10.1126/science.abe8770. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Quantum computational advantage using photons

Han-Sen Zhong^#^{1

2}, Hui Wang^#^{1

2}, Yu-Hao Deng^#^{1

2}, Ming-Cheng Chen^#^{1

2}, Li-Chao Peng^{1

2}, Yi-Han Luo^{1

2}, Jian Qin^{1

2}, Dian Wu^{1

2}, Xing Ding^{1

2}, Yi Hu^{1

2}, Peng Hu³, Xiao-Yan Yang³, Wei-Jun Zhang³, Hao Li³, Yuxuan Li⁴, Xiao Jiang^{1

2}, Lin Gan⁴, Guangwen Yang⁴, Lixing You³, Zhen Wang³, Li Li^{1

2}, Nai-Le Liu^{1

2}, Chao-Yang Lu^{5

2}, Jian-Wei Pan^{5

2}

Affiliations

¹ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
² CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
⁴ Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
⁵ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. [email protected] [email protected].

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 33273064
DOI: 10.1126/science.abe8770

Quantum computational advantage using photons

Han-Sen Zhong et al. Science. 2020.

. 2020 Dec 18;370(6523):1460-1463.

doi: 10.1126/science.abe8770. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
² CAS Centre for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Centre in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Shanghai 201315, China.
³ State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
⁴ Department of Computer Science and Technology and Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
⁵ Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. [email protected] [email protected].

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 33273064
DOI: 10.1126/science.abe8770

Abstract

Quantum computers promise to perform certain tasks that are believed to be intractable to classical computers. Boson sampling is such a task and is considered a strong candidate to demonstrate the quantum computational advantage. We performed Gaussian boson sampling by sending 50 indistinguishable single-mode squeezed states into a 100-mode ultralow-loss interferometer with full connectivity and random matrix-the whole optical setup is phase-locked-and sampling the output using 100 high-efficiency single-photon detectors. The obtained samples were validated against plausible hypotheses exploiting thermal states, distinguishable photons, and uniform distribution. The photonic quantum computer, Jiuzhang, generates up to 76 output photon clicks, which yields an output state-space dimension of 10³⁰ and a sampling rate that is faster than using the state-of-the-art simulation strategy and supercomputers by a factor of ~10¹⁴.

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Quantum computational advantage using photons

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Quantum computational advantage using photons

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