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. 2024 Oct 7:10:20552076241282629.
doi: 10.1177/20552076241282629. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.

A mixed-methods study of VA video connect utilization among veterans with diabetes experiencing housing instability during the pandemic

Rebecca L Kinney  1   2   3 , Laurel A Copeland  2 , Jack Tsai  1   4   5 , Alice A Abbott  2 , Kate Wallace  2 , Lorrie A Walker  2 , Jillian Weber  6 , Shara Katsos  1 , Donald K McInnes  7   8
Affiliations

A mixed-methods study of VA video connect utilization among veterans with diabetes experiencing housing instability during the pandemic

Rebecca L Kinney et al. Digit Health. .

Abstract

Introduction: Prior to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) had the largest telehealth program in the United States. The pandemic motivated providers within the VA to expand telehealth in effort to reduce disrupted care while mitigating risks. The pandemic provides a rare opportunity to examine how to better engage veterans experiencing housing instability (HI) in telehealth diabetes care.

Methods: Mixed methods design to examine VA video connect (VVC) diabetes care utilization among veterans experiencing HI from March 1, 2019, to March 1, 2022, combining multivariable regression analyses of VA administrative data with semi-structured interviews. Study aims included: (a) examine changes in diabetes care delivery mode over the peri-pandemic timeframe; (b) identify sociodemographic and clinical characteristics associated with VVC care among veterans with HI; and (c) understand the facilitators and barriers of VVC utilization.

Results: Totally, 5904 veterans were eligible for study analysis. Veterans who are female (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.3, 2.0; p < 0.0001), self-identify as Hispanic (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.1, 1.9; p = 0.02), are married (OR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.2, 1.6; p < 0.0001), and are in VA priority group 1 (OR: 1.21; 95% CI 1.1, 1.4; p = 0.004) were more likely to use VVC the pandemic. Veterans of older age (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.97, 0.98; p < .0001) and rural dwelling (OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.7, 1.2; p = 0.04), were less likely to use VVC. Thirteen VA providers and 15 veterans were interviewed. Veterans reported that decisions about using VVC were driven by limitations in in-person care availability, safety, and convenience.

Discussion: Telehealth played an important role in providing veterans with HI access to diabetes care during the pandemic. Future interventions should seek to increase education and technology in effort to increase VVC uptake into routine diabetes care to ensure veterans' optimal and equitable access.

Keywords: COVID-19; Video telehealth; diabetes; homelessness; veterans.

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Conflict of interest statement

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, RLK, upon reasonable request. The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Clinical care modality by specialty among veterans with diabetes and experiencing housing instability across both pandemic years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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References

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