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Ear Infections

Treatment Overview


Treatment for middle ear infections (otitis media) involves home treatment for symptom relief and, in some cases, antibiotics.

If a child with an ear infection appears very ill, is younger than age 2, or is at risk for complications from infection, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics.

In children age 2 and older with simple ear infections, more options are available. Some doctors prescribe antibiotics for all ear infections because it's hard to tell which ear infections will clear up on their own. Other doctors ask parents to watch their child's symptoms for a couple of days, since more than 80% of ear infections get better without treatment. Antibiotic treatment has only minimal benefits in reducing pain and fever. The cost of medication and possible side effects are factors doctors consider before giving antibiotics. Also, many doctors are concerned about the growing number of bacteria that are developing resistance to antibiotics because of frequent use of antibiotics.

Follow-up exams with a health professional are important to check for persistent infection, fluid behind the eardrum (otitis media with effusion), or repeat infections.

  • If your child has ongoing ear pain, a fever [101 °F(38.33 °C) or higher], or is grumpy or vomiting after 48 hours of treatment, see your health professional.
  • Children younger than 3 should have a follow-up visit in about 4 weeks, even if they seem well. If fluid behind the eardrum persists for 3 months, the child should have his or her hearing tested.5


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Last updated: April 21, 2005
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