Abstract: To dynamically re-color scalable graphic images in web applications, a server may send an image filename to a web application operating on a client device. Before displaying the image, the client device may send a request back to the server identifying the image and providing color codes for the image. The server may load an image file for the identified image and replace generic placeholders in the image file with the color codes sent from the client device. The re-colored image file may then be sent back to the client device for display. The server may receive subsequent requests to re-color the image using different color codes in response to user inputs at the client device, such as clicking or hovering over the image.

Abstract: Techniques for integrating third-party analytics with virtual-assistant enabled applications are disclosed. A third-party analytics service trains a machine learning model, using labeled training data including (a) phrases corresponding to sales offers made to consumers and (b) sales conversion outcomes associated with the phrases. The service receives, from a consumer-facing application, a user query submitted via a virtual assistant interface. The service applies the user query to the machine learning model, to obtain a recommended phrase for the consumer-facing application to use in response to the user query. The recommended phrase is: based on one or more of the phrases used to train the machine learning model; responsive to the user query; and based on a likelihood of achieving a sales objective associated with the consumer-facing application.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to de-obfuscated data to process at one or more artificial-intelligence (AI) decision nodes throughout a communication decision tree. Through processing directed by the communication decision tree, additional de-obfuscated data is collected and securely transmitted in de-obfuscated or re-obfuscated form to enrich underlying data structures.

Abstract: Techniques for providing third-party analytics via a virtual assistant interface are disclosed. A third-party analytics service trains a machine learning model, based at least on interaction histories of users of a consumer-facing application. The interaction histories include sales data associated with the users. The third-party analytics service receives, via a virtual assistant interface, a request for a recommended marketing strategy to be targeted at one or more users of the consumer-facing application. The third-party analytics service applies the request to the machine learning model, to obtain the recommended marketing strategy responsive to the request. The recommended marketing strategy is based at least on a predicted effectiveness of the recommended marketing strategy targeted at the one or more users of the consumer-facing application. The third-party analytics service presents, via the virtual assistant interface, the recommended marketing strategy responsive to the request.

Abstract: Techniques for predictive system remediation are disclosed. Based on attributes associated with applications of one or more system-selected remedial actions to one or more problematic system behaviors in a system (e.g., a database system), the system determines a predicted effectiveness of one or more future applications of a remedial action to a particular problematic system behavior, as of one or more future times. The system determines that the predicted effectiveness of the one or more future applications of the remedial action is positive but does not satisfy a performance criterion. Responsive to determining that the predicted effectiveness is positive but does not satisfy the performance criterion, the system generates a notification corresponding to the predicted effectiveness not satisfying the performance criterion.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods of the present invention validate argumentation in text. In an example, an application forms a communicative discourse tree from a subset of text by matching each fragment of the subset that has a verb to a verb signature. The application identifies that the subset includes an argument by applying a classification model trained to detect argumentation to the communicative discourse tree. The application further creates a logic system based on a claim of the argument, a domain definition clause associated with a domain of the text, a set of defeasible rules based on the communicative discourse tree, and a set of facts from one or more of the communicative actions of the communicative discourse tree. The application evaluates a consistency of the argument with respect to itself and with respect to the domain definition clauses by solving the logic system, thereby validating a claim associated with the argument.

Abstract: Implementations described herein provide a bidirectional tool configured to provide APIs to enable a cross-cluster service handshakes and design and implementation for enabling two or more instances of an application registered to one cluster and other cluster provides for multi environment interaction. Using a common service registration, users can trigger actions on different instances of the application running in different environments such as a development environment, production environment, and the like. Using the common registration, applications can scale by having extra instances running while a centralized service works as central hub were each instance is registered. Moreover, implementations include utilizing a plurality of deployment asset management layers to establish a stateless API instantiated between point-of-delivery server arrays employed to house multiple customers separated by security partitions.

Abstract: Embodiments use Bayesian techniques to efficiently estimate the bit error rates (BERs) of cables in a computer network at a customizable level of confidence. Specifically, a plurality of probability records are maintained for a given cable in a computer system, where each probability record is associated with a hypothetical BER for the cable, and reflects a probability that the cable has the associated hypothetical BER. At configurable time intervals, the probability records are updated using statistics gathered from a switch port connected to the cable. In order to estimate the BER of the cable at a given confidence level, embodiments determine which probability record is associated with a probability mass that indicates the confidence level. The estimate for the cable BER is the hypothetical BER that is associated with the indicated probability mass. Embodiments store the estimate in memory and utilize the estimate to aid in maintaining the computer system.

Abstract: Techniques are described for generating predictive alerts. In one or more embodiments, a seasonal model is generated, the seasonal model representing one or more seasonal patterns within a first set of time-series data, the first set of time-series data comprising data points from a first range of time. A trend-based model is also generated to represent trending patterns within a second set of time-series data comprising data points from a second range of time that is different than the first range of time. A set of forecasted values is generated based on the seasonal model and the trend-based model. Responsive to determining that a set of alerting thresholds has been satisfied based on the set of forecasted values, an alert is generated.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, described herein is a system and method for row buffering in a database environment. A transparency engine can be provided between client applications and a database, and can operate as a proxy engine for the database and as a session abstraction layer for the client applications, to enable the client applications to utilize database features provided by the connection pool without code changes to the client applications. The transparency engine can maintain a plurality of local row buffers to store rows fetched from a database. The local buffers can be filled by rows pre-fetched from the database. When a client application requests rows from the database, the transparency engine can first check whether the rows exist in a local buffer. If the rows are present in the local buffer, the transparency engine sends the rows to the requesting client application, without going to the database.

Abstract: Embodiments incrementally refresh a clone of a source PDB while the source PDB accepts write operations. Specifically, refreshing the PDB clone incorporates changes made to the source PDB since a refresh reference time stamp, which marks the time at which the PDB clone was created or, if the PDB clone has been previously refreshed, the time at which the PDB clone was last refreshed. A PDB clone is incrementally refreshed by incorporating, into the PDB clone data, those source data blocks that have changed since the refresh reference time stamp. Recovery is performed on the PDB clone, once the blocks are copied, to apply any changes made to the source PDB while the blocks were being copied, which recovery makes the PDB clone files consistent. This recovery is based on redo entries recorded for the source PDB during the time it took to copy the blocks to the PDB clone.

Abstract: Methods and systems for improved query evaluation in computer systems are provided. A system receives a full text query for evaluation against a collection of XML documents. The query comprises specifies one or more tokens and one or more contexts. The contexts each represent a path within an XML expression. The query is used to make multiple determinations. First, determining, using token lists, first documents that contain the tokens included in the query. Second, determining, using tag lists, second documents that contain the contexts included in the query. Third, determining third documents by comparing the first documents and the second documents to determine which documents contain both the tokens and the contexts. The query is then evaluated in view of the third documents.

Abstract: Implementations generally relate to importing data and presenting the data in a user interface (UI). In some implementations, a method includes capturing an image of an object using a camera, where the object includes text. The method further includes recognizing the text. The method further includes generating a data structure that includes the text. The method further includes generating a graphical image that represents at least a portion of the text. The method further includes displaying the graphical image in a UI in a display screen of a client device.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining, from a runtime system that executes code, a source value at a source point of the code and a sink value at a sink point of the code, identifying a potential taint flow from the source point to the sink point by performing a series of taint inferences that each infer a relationship between the source value and the sink value, and determining whether the potential taint flow is an actual taint flow by performing a series of taint checks that each analyze the execution of the code using the source value and the sink value.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for determining set-membership using Single Instruction Multiple Data (“SIMD”) architecture are presented herein. Specifically, methods and apparatuses are discussed for determining, in parallel, whether multiple values in a first set of values are members of a second set of values. Many of the methods and systems discussed herein are applied to determining whether one or more rows in a dictionary-encoded column of a database table satisfy one or more conditions based on the dictionary-encoded column. However, the methods and systems discussed herein may apply to many applications executed on a SIMD processor using set-membership tests.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes techniques for entity classification and data enrichment of data sets. A data enrichment system is disclosed that can extract, repair, and enrich datasets, resulting in more precise entity resolution and classification for purposes of subsequent indexing and clustering. Disclosed techniques may include performing entity recognition to identify segments of interest that relate to an entity. Related data may be analyzed for classification, which can be used to transform the data for enrichment to its users.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure are generally directed to systems and methods for provisioning computing resources using computer vision. An image comprising a plurality of visual elements can be received. The visual elements within the image can be recognized as objects that represent network elements, where the recognized objects represent network elements of a network element type and the network element types comprise one or more of a database, a load balancer, a sub-network, or a virtual machine instance, and an arrangement of the recognized objects that represents a network architecture is recognized. Computing resources can be caused to be provisioned corresponding to the recognized objects by provisioning network elements that comprise one or more of the network element types, wherein the provisioning comprises generating a network architecture for the provisioned network elements based on the recognized arrangement.

Abstract: Techniques for summarizing lists for machine learning operations are disclosed. In some embodiments, a machine learning system generates feature vectors for a set of items based on varying values among a set of feature attributes. The system further generates, based on the feature vectors a set of clusters and generates a summary vector for a list of items as a function of the distribution of the items within the set of clusters, where the summary vector has a length equal to how many clusters are in the set of clusters. Summary vectors may be generated for a plurality of examples within a training dataset. The system may use the summary vectors to train a machine learning model to estimate unknown labels for new examples.

Abstract: Techniques for assigning one or more values to properties or form fields. One technique includes receiving a query for a property associated with an attribute of an element of software, executing a search within a storage device for the property that satisfies the query, displaying the property and attributes that support the property, and receiving a first type of input regarding the property. The first type of input includes a value for the property. The technique further includes receiving a second type of input that includes selection of at least one attribute from the attributes identified to support the property, and assigning the value for the property to the at least one attribute.

Abstract: An artificial neural network (ANN) determines a conversation snippet sentiment score based on content of the conversation snippet and contextual attributes associated with the conversation snippet. Contextual attributes may include, for example, a role within an organizational hierarchy of a user participating in the conversation snippet. Information representing the content is input into a hidden layer sequence of the ANN; information representing the contextual attributes is input into another hidden layer sequence of the ANN. Additionally or alternatively, a weighing engine determines a topical sentiment score by aggregating weighted conversation snippet sentiment scores.

Abstract: Techniques for ranking service implementations for a service interface are disclosed. Each module that includes a service implementation may be referred to as a “service provider module.” The ranking of the service implementations, for the particular service interface, may be based on modular information. Modular information includes information associated with module dependencies and/or service dependencies corresponding to one or more of a candidate set of service provider modules. Additionally or alternatively, the ranking of the service implementations, for the particular service interface, may be based on statically-available information and/or dynamically-available information associated with one or more of a candidate set of service implementations.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with providing automated discovery and facilitation of user business processes are described. Parse a system log of a software platform to identify interactions of a user with each event of a selected type of event. For each event, create a data structure that describes the interactions with the event based on (i) the identified interactions and (ii) characteristics of the event. Analyze the data structures to create a model of a process applied to events of the selected type by the user. Generate a customized user interface of the software platform that includes a function configured to facilitate the process. Substitute the customized user interface for a standard user interface when displaying the subsequent events to a user.

Abstract: Accessing migrated members in an updated type is described. Instructions to access a migrated member may be: (a) storing a value of a particular type as a value of a migrated field, or (b) invoking a migrated method using an argument of a particular type. The argument of the particular type, specified in the instructions, is converted into a value of the type associated with the current version of the migrated member. The migrated member is accessed using the converted value. Alternatively, instructions may be: (a) fetching and returning a value of a migrated field as a value of a particular type, or (b) returning a value from a migrated method as a value of a particular type. A value is returned via accessing the current version of the migrated member. The returned value is converted into a value of the particular type specified in the instructions.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, described herein are systems and methods that enable client-side calculation with data provided at a multidimensional or other database server. Data provided at the server in accordance with a server-side model, can be transformed/prepared into a grid, for use with a client-side application, for example a client spreadsheet application. During preparation of the grid, one or more portions of the grid that are identified as client-side dynamic parameters, can be represented as dynamic formulas that are modifiable within the client-side application; while parameters of the server-side model that are outside of the grid can be represented as constant values. The grid provided to the client can be used to perform client-side calculations that allow for rapid calculations in response to changes in the client-side model, without introducing a round-trip performance lag between the client-side and server-side.

Abstract: Systems and methods for supporting multi-tenancy in a multi-tenant application server environment are provided. A first partition in a multi-tenant server environment can include a first composite and the first composite includes first metadata that is configured to be customized for a first tenant of the first partition. A second partition in the multi-tenant server environment can include a second composite and the second composite includes second metadata that is configured to be customized for a second tenant of the second partition. A global runtime in the multi-tenant server environment can include a global composite and the global composite include global metadata that is configured to be shared by the first partition and the second partition.

Abstract: Techniques for lazy copying of runtime-managed stack frames are disclosed. A runtime environment generates a runtime-managed stack including multiple frames. A topmost subset of frames includes data associated with particular instructions and a return address. A lower subset of frames includes data associated with different instructions. The runtime environment stores a copy of the topmost subset of frames in an OS-managed stack, without copying the lower subset. The particular instructions execute using the copy of the topmost subset of frames in the OS-managed stack. The runtime environment replaces, in the copy, the return address with a return barrier address. When execution of the instructions terminates, control passes to return barrier instructions, which store a copy of the lower subset of frames in the OS-managed stack and pass control to the different instructions. The different instructions execute using the copy of the lower subset of frames in the OS-managed stack.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method, system, and computer program product for performing trend analysis of themes from social media data. Semantic analysis is performed on content that appear on social media sites. The results of the semantic analysis can be used to identify themes within the social media data over a period of time. Trend analysis is performed over the identified themes. An enterprise or business can more effectively market to the consumers based upon this knowledge of the consumers' interests.

Abstract: Described is an improved approach to implement selection of training data for machine learning, by presenting a designated set of specific data indicators where these data indicators correspond to metrics that end users are familiar with and are easily understood by ordinary users and DBAs within their knowledge domain. Selection of these indicators would correlate automatically to selection of a corresponding set of other metrics/signals that are less understandable to an ordinary user. Additional analysis of the selected data can then be performed to identify and correct any statistical problems with the selected training data.

Abstract: A system that traverses Web Real-Time Communication (“WebRTC”) data over a tunnel establishes the tunnel between a tunneling client of a user equipment (“UE”) and a tunneling server. The system receives the WebRTC data and encapsulates the WebRTC data into frames. The system detects that one or more of the frames includes media. The system then transmits the frames over the tunnel while, for the frames detected as media, applying enhancement features to the transmitting of the media frames.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with managing instances of services are described. In one embodiment, a method includes constructing pre-provisioned instances of a service within a first pool and constructing pre-orchestrated instances of the service within a second pool. In response to receiving a request for the service, the method executes executable code of a first pre-orchestrated instance as an executing instance and removing the pre-orchestrated instance from the second pool. A pre-provisioned instance is selected from the first pool to create a second pre-orchestrated instance within the second pool, and the pre-provisioned instance is removed from the first pool.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, described herein is a system and method for high availability and load balancing in a database environment. A transparency engine can be provided between client applications and a database, and can operate as a proxy engine for the database and as a session abstraction layer for the client applications, to enable the client applications to utilize database features provided by the connection pool without code changes to the client applications. The transparency can keep track of session states, request boundaries and cursors to efficiently reuse the database connections across the client applications. The transparency engine can use the request boundaries and indicators from the database to detect safe places to drain database connections in the event of database outages.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to configure an online shopping portal that includes a plurality of site. The apparatus receives a request to configure a site of the online shopping portal. The apparatus provides a user interface (UI) shell that corresponds to the site. The apparatus provides an option to select a page of the site to configure. Based on the selected page, the UI shell comprises at least one placeholder and at least one UI content. The apparatus provides a selection mechanism configured to select the at least one UI content to be placed in the at least one placeholder.

Abstract: A method and system for defining an offlinable model graph. In one embodiment of the method, a request is generated by a mobile device. The mobile device receives a response to the request. The mobile device updates a plurality of tables stored in memory of the mobile device, wherein the updating comprises adding a component of the response to a first table of the plurality of tables.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to access control, and more particularly, to techniques (e.g., systems, methods, computer program products storing code or instructions executable by one or more processors) for providing for inline enrollment in multi-level and multi-factor authentication of a user allowing login on a restricted website, or on an enterprise network with single sign-on, or on various other service systems with security restrictions.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for providing access to a database in a multi-tenant environment, including the use of a connection pool, and support for limiting the maximum number of connections per tenant or per database shard. For example, when a tenant is associated with a service, configuring a maximum connections per service limit on a shared connection pool indicates to the system that the shared pool should not repurpose existing connections, or create new connections for a service, if the maximum connections per service limit has been reached for that particular service. The system can also maintain a parameter that keeps track of the total number of connections created to each shard of a sharded database. The connection pool can scan the sharded database topology, to determine which shard or sharded instance can satisfy the request, without exceeding the maximum limit for that shard.

Abstract: Systems and methods for manipulating dynamically rendered content are described herein. A plurality of rules are defined and stored, wherein each rule includes a condition and an action, and wherein each action includes an instruction to render content within a webpage. A rule object is generated based on the plurality of rules, wherein the rule object includes executable code. The rule object is stored within an in-memory device disposed between a rules server and a transformation server. A request is received from a browser engine contained within the webpage. The rule object is executed to generate data based on the request; and the data generated by the rule object is transmitted to the browser engine contained within the webpage.

Abstract: A system and method for facilitating authenticating a client application to enable communications with another server-side application running on a server in communication with the client application (client). An example embodiment involves providing an authenticator for the client to a shared library that is accessible to the client and server, and then registering the authenticator for the client at the server. After registration, the client sends a request message (addressed to a server-side application) and token to the server. The token is derived using the authenticator at the shared library. The server then uses the token to check that the authenticator associated with the received token is registered. The server then communicates with the shared library to authenticate the client by verifying that the received token identifies the client that has provided the authenticator to the shared library. Client identity is then set to enable communications with the server-side application.

Abstract: Operations include diagnosing performance hotspots with minimal performance impact. A system selectively extracts a subset of in-memory application data, for failure analysis, based on application metadata associated with an application. The selective data extraction may be used to generate succinct reports that are customized to explore the specific vulnerabilities of each particular application. Application metadata identifies application data attributes for value extraction. The application metadata may identify, for example, a client attribute which indicates the client which requested the execution of a failed operation (or execution of an operation with a failed sub-function). The application metadata may identify a particular function, associated with an operation, that is to be analyzed in case of operation failure. The application metadata may identify a thread-local variable of a thread, executing an operation, that is to be analyzed in case of operation failure.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods for providing secure data management for a network of nodes. A network with a plurality of connected nodes can be stored, the nodes representing entities of the network. A request can be received from a first node of the network to retrieve data about a second node of the network. A query can be generated to retrieve the requested data. The query can be filtered based on permissions for the first node stored at a trusted store. The fields from the results of the filtered query can be redacted based on the permissions for the first node. And the redacted results can be provided to the first node.

Abstract: The embodiments disclosed herein select and assign a floating IP address (FIP) to an application based on characteristics of the application. Floating IP addresses are assigned a classification, and one or more network adapters are mapped to a FIP according to the FIPs assigned classification. The endpoint of a connection for an application initiating a network connection with a target application may be assigned a floating IP address according to attributes of the application being consistent with the classification of a FIP. Applications may be grouped according to their respective classification, and the group of applications may share a corresponding FIP. FIPs may be dynamically configured for an application with mapped network adapters selected based on the atttributes of the application. An application's characteristics may change during executions, and the network adapters mapped to the FIP assigned to the application's connection may be reassigned.

Abstract: Techniques are described for generating seasonal forecasts. According to an embodiment, a set of time-series data is associated with one or more classes, which may include a first class that represent a dense pattern that repeats over multiple instances of a season in the set of time-series data and a second class that represent another pattern that repeats over multiple instances of the season in the set of time-series data. A particular class of data is associated with at least two sub-classes of data, where a first sub-class represents high data points from the first class, and a second sub-class represents another set of data points from the first class. A trend rate is determined for a particular sub-class. Based at least in part on the trend rate, a forecast is generated.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to a data integration system that integrate an object based data integration tool, such a GUI-based data integration tools, with version control systems using a relational database repository for persistence. Examples of distributed version control systems include Git, Mercurial, and Bazaar, and examples of centralized version control systems include Subversion, CVS etc. in centralized or distributed environments.

Abstract: Some embodiments process data as defined by a polymorphic data model. A server may provide the polymorphic data model to a client application from a datastore. The functionality or features of the client application may be controlled as a function of the polymorphic data model. The client application may thus provide different functionalities when provided with different polymorphic data models. Updates to the polymorphic data model may be used to update the client application's functionality without any updates to the client application's executable code.

Abstract: A system can host APIs for a plurality of different tenants and receive requests from many different client devices. As requests are received, an associated tenant can be identified, and a router can determine if a container instance is available to service the request. A container instance may be an empty container instance including an internal endpoint, a Web server, and a runtime environment. An empty container instance can be unassociated with a particular tenant. To associate a container instance with a tenant, a data store, such as a key-value data store can retrieve configuration files that turn the agnostic container instance into a container instance that is associated with particular tenant and includes configuration code to perform the requisite API functions. The pool of empty and populated containers can be managed efficiently.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods that efficiently display tabular data (e.g., a large data set of a million or more rows of data with multiple data fields). More particularly, the present disclosure relates to systems and methods that compress the tabular data to a representative data set that maintains the data density and data variation of the original tabular data, and that display the representative data set with respect to clusters formed.

Abstract: Implementations generally relate to rendering orthogonal lines in a sequence flow. In some implementations, a method includes determining, in a user interface of a client device, a first location of a first process node of a process and a second location of a second process node of the process. The method further includes determining, in the user interface, a control location of a control point for a sequence flow process element. The method further includes placing an orthogonal line between the first location and the second location, wherein the orthogonal line is selected from a plurality of predetermined orthogonal lines based on the control location, the first location, and the second location.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with cloud-based multi-layered security testing of a target application with multiple cloud-based security scanners using a single cloud-based graphical user interface are described. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a request via a security testing interface to perform the cloud-based multi-layered security test on the target application. A single set of security test instructions to perform the cloud-based multi-layered security test on the target application using the selected cloud-based security scanners is generated and executed to initiate multiple security tests on the target application. A single set of scan results for the target application is generated based upon the execution of the multiple security tests, and is displayed by the single cloud-based graphical user interface.

Abstract: A power distribution discovery system includes a power distribution unit (power distribution unit) that provides electrical power to a plurality of equipment modules configured in a computing rack. The power distribution unit includes a first communication circuit coupled to a computing system. The first communication circuit communicates with a second communication circuit configured in each of the subset of equipment modules to receive identifying information associated with each of the subset of equipment modules. The computing system communicates with the first communication circuit to receive the identifying information, and outputs a report indicating the subset of equipment modules that receive electrical power from the power distribution unit. The received identifying information indicates those equipment modules that receive electrical power from the power distribution unit.

Abstract: An event processing system for distributing a continuous query, and processing events in an event stream, is disclosed. The system can synchronize timestamps across all partitions by adding a heartbeat propagator component propagating a heartbeat signal for silent partitions. The system can further include a timestamp tracker component that tracks the maximum observed timestamp across all partitions for each batch, and sends this to each partition. The system can distribute partitions of the events to the worker nodes, and instruct a heartbeat propagator component to generate a heartbeat for a first worker node corresponding to an event in a different partition. The system receives outputs from the worker nodes and combines these into a single result corresponding to a continuous query. The system can further implement a timestamp tracker to select a highest timestamp value of a previous batch, and send the value to the worker nodes.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and other embodiments associated with automatically controlling a zoom level are described. In one embodiment, a method includes accessing a database and retrieving a plurality of data records based on at least one match parameter, wherein each data record is assigned to an employee and includes a scheduled time range in a work day for the employee. The data records are parsed and a minimum time and a maximum time from the scheduled time ranges are determined. The method controls a zoom level for a display for displaying the scheduled time ranges from the plurality of data records by determining a screen area in a user interface for displaying the scheduled time ranges, and generating a graphical timeline to fit between the minimum time and the maximum time and adjust a size of the graphical timeline based at least in part on the determined screen area.