Abstract: The display device according to the present invention comprises: a printed circuit board on which a plurality of LEDs are mounted; a frame comprising a front surface for supporting the printed circuit board; and a cover member which covers the rear surface of the frame and comprises a plurality of outlets, wherein the frame comprises a first area extending from the front surface towards the rear surface, and a second area having pores and formed between the first area and the rear surface, and is provided to convect heat generated in the printed circuit board to the outlets via the first area and the pores.

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus is provided. The transmitting apparatus includes: an encoder configured to perform a low-density parity check (LDPC) encoding on input bits using a parity check matrix to generate an LDPC codeword comprising information word bits and parity bits; an interleaver configured to interleave the LDPC codeword; and a modulator configured to map the interleaved LDPC codeword onto a modulation symbol, wherein the modulator is further configured to map a bit included in a predetermined bit group from among a plurality of bit groups constituting the LDPC codeword onto a predetermined bit of the modulation symbol.

Abstract: An apparatus for switching a transmission route of a radio frequency signal is provided. The apparatus may include a first inductor electrically connected to first and second ports; a second inductor electrically connected to the third and fourth ports and disposed to have mutual inductance with the first inductor; first, second, third, and fourth switches configured to switch an electrical connection between the first, second, third, and fourth ports and a ground, respectively; wherein the first and second inductors are electrically connected to the ground through one of the first and second switches and one of the third and fourth switches such that a radio frequency signal pass between one of the first and second ports an one of the third and fourth ports.

Abstract: An operating method of a terminal configured to communicate with at least one of a plurality of cells includes generating first cell search training data for the plurality of cells, determining at least one training candidate cell based on the first cell search training data, updating a classification based on second cell search training data among the first cell search training data and network information about the terminal to obtain an updated classification, the second cell search training data corresponding to the at least one training candidate cell, and determining a valid cell among the plurality of cells based on the updated classification.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an earphone apparatus and method. The earphone apparatus includes an earpiece, including a speaker, configured for arrangement relative to a user's ear for listening to audio from the speaker, a bio-sensor, a motion sensor, and a controller configured to determine an activity state of the user based on aggregated sensor data from the bio-sensor and the motion sensor over time, and to control audio output to the user based on the determined activity state.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the magnetic memory device includes a free layer structure having a variable magnetization direction. The free layer structure includes a first free layer, the first free layer being a first Heusler alloy; a coupling layer on the first free layer, the coupling layer including a metal oxide layer; and a second free layer on the metal oxide layer, the second free layer being a second Heusler alloy, the second Heusler alloy being different from the first Heusler alloy.

Abstract: A display panel and a display apparatus are provided. The display panel may include a first glass substrate; a second glass substrate provided in front of the first glass substrate in a first direction; and a color filter layer provided between the second glass substrate and the first glass substrate in the first direction. The color filter layer may include a plurality of color filters and a black matrix surrounding the plurality of color filters. A side edge of the black matrix may extend beyond a side edge of the first glass substrate in a second direction that is orthogonal to the first direction. The display apparatus may include a backlight unit and the display panel.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate having a first region and a second region, gate electrodes stacked and spaced apart from each other in a first direction, perpendicular to an upper surface of the substrate in the first region and extending in different lengths along a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction in the second region, first separation regions penetrating the gate electrodes in the first and second regions, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart from each other in a third direction, perpendicular to the first and second directions, second separation regions penetrating the gate electrodes in the second region and spaced apart from each other in the second direction between the separation regions, and a first vertical structure penetrating the gate electrodes in the second region and closest to the first region, wherein a width of the second separation regions in the third direction is greater than a width of the first vertical structure, a first end point of th

Abstract: A transmitting apparatus, a receiving apparatus, and a method of signal processing are provided. The transmitting apparatus includes at least one processor configured to implement: a packet generator which generates a packet including a header and a payload, based on an input stream; and a signal processor which signal-processes the generated packet. The header includes a base header, and the base header includes various fields indicating at least one of a packet type, and a value indicating that the packet transmits one single complete input packet, a segment of an input packet, or a plurality of input packets. The fields included in the base header may also indicate presence of an additional header and a substream identifier.

Abstract: A geometric phase optical element and a three-dimensional display apparatus including the same are provided. The geometric phase optical element includes: a liquid crystal layer; a first electrode on a surface of the liquid crystal layer; and a second electrode on another surface of the liquid crystal layer, wherein, when no voltage is applied to the first and second electrodes, the liquid crystal layer is configured such that a phase difference according to an arrangement of the liquid crystal is ? and light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer is diffracted by a first deflection angle, and when a first voltage that causes the phase difference according to the arrangement of the liquid crystal to become ?/2 is applied to the first and second electrodes, the liquid crystal layer is configured such that the light transmitted through the liquid crystal layer is diffracted by a second deflection angle.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing a biological material component may include an impedance sensor comprising a first electrode having a first contact surface that contacts an analysis target, and a second electrode having a second contact surface that contacts the analysis target and that faces the first contact surface. The apparatus may include an impedance measurement assembly configured to measure impedance of the analysis target using the first electrode and the second electrode. The apparatus may include a processor configured to model the measured impedance as an equivalent circuit, and analyze a biological material component based on a modeling result.

Abstract: Provided are a functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound and a light-emitting device including the same. The functionalized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compound is structurally stable, and exhibits high light-emission characteristics since aggregation caused by ?-? stacking is inhibited, and thus may have high efficiency and long lifespan characteristics.

Abstract: An electronic device of a first domain, which is a blockchain-based public key infrastructure (PKI) domain, includes: an interface configured to receive, from a first entity belonging to a second domain which is a certification authority (CA)-based PKI domain, a first certificate of the first entity and a second certificate of a second entity, wherein the second entity is an upper node of the first entity and is a node of a blockchain; a memory configured to store the first certificate and the second certificate; and a processor configured to look up a transaction corresponding to the second entity at a distributed ledger of the first domain based on an identifier of the second entity, verify the second certificate based on the transaction, and verify the first certificate based on the second certificate.

Abstract: Provided are a quantum dot, a method of preparing the quantum dot, an optical member including the quantum dot, and an electronic device including the quantum dot. The quantum dot includes a core including indium (In), A1, and A2; and a shell covering the core. A1 is a Group V element, A2 is a Group III element other than indium, and the core includes a first region, and a second region covering the first region. The first region does not include A2, and includes indium and A1, and the second region includes indium, A1, and A2, and indium and A2 are alloyed with each other in the second region.

Abstract: An object detection method and apparatus are provided, the object detection method includes receiving a radar reception signal reflected by an object using a radar apparatus, generating a data set for one or more reflection points of the object by processing the radar reception signal, and detecting the object corresponding to the reflection points based on the data set using a neural network-based object detection model.

Abstract: A cooking appliance includes a main body forming a machine room; a cooking chamber arranged below the machine room; an intermediate flow path including a first suction port and formed between the machine room and the cooking chamber; and a fan configured to suction air into the intermediate flow path, wherein the machine room includes a second suction port through which air is suctioned, and an opening portion connected to the intermediate flow path, the opening portion includes a first opening portion and a second opening portion arranged at a farther distance from the fan than the first opening portion, and the second opening portion has an area larger than an area of the first opening portion.

Abstract: An operation method of an optimal route searching device includes: acquiring topology transformed map information; extracting a plurality of candidate routes based on the topology transformed map information; calculating a travel cost for each of the plurality of candidate routes based on a cost function; and determining a candidate route corresponding to a lowest cost one of the calculated travel costs as a travelling route.

Abstract: A method of estimating a maximum specific capacity of a composite electrode includes generating open circuit potential (OCP) crossover characteristics of the composite electrode comprising silicon and natural graphite, determining a composite electrode lithiation limit of the composite electrode based on a silicon lithiation limit of the silicon, predicting a composite electrode composition of the composite electrode based on the composite electrode lithiation limit, and estimating the maximum specific capacity of the composite electrode based on the composite electrode composition.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes a housing including a front glass and a rear cover, a display panel arranged within the housing, and an air circulator arranged behind the display panel for circulating air between the front glass and the front surface of the display panel, wherein the air circulator includes a circulation fan circulating air, a case receiving the circulation fan and having open top to discharge air in a direction of long edges of the display panel, a first connection part formed to be open at one end of the case in the direction of long edges, and a second connection part formed to be open at the other end of the case in the direction of long edges.

Abstract: A method of transforming Monte Carlo (MC) simulations for diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) may include obtaining, by a DRS device, MC simulated DRS measurements using a pre-defined number of photons; pre-processing, by the DRS device, the MC simulated DRS measurements to obtain normalized DRS measurements; correcting, by the DRS device, non-monotonicity of the normalized DRS measurements to obtain monotonic DRS measurements; converting, by the DRS device, the monotonic DRS measurements to a logarithmic domain to obtain logarithmic DRS measurements; performing, by the DRS device, curve fitting on the logarithmic DRS measurements in the logarithmic domain to obtain curve-fitted logarithmic DRS measurements; and transforming, by the DRS device, the curve-fitted logarithmic DRS measurements to a non-logarithmic domain to obtain transformed MC simulated DRS measurements.

Abstract: In a method of operating an audio subsystem and a universal serial bus (USB) module, the audio subsystem receives a reference clock signal from the USB module. A USB direct memory access (UDMA) block included in the audio subsystem performs an automatic restart every predetermined period in synchronization with the reference clock signal. The UDMA block transmits data having a predetermined size to the USB module by performing a direct memory access (DMA) operation whenever the automatic restart is performed.

Abstract: An inkjet print apparatus includes a print head discharging ink onto a substrate, the print head including a first heater; a reservoir storing the ink; a first pipe supplying the ink to the reservoir; a second pipe collecting surplus ink; a mixing unit located on the first pipe and mixing the ink; a pump located on the second pipe and pressurizing and supplying the surplus ink to the reservoir; a temperature sensor located between the mixing unit and the print head and sensing a temperature of the ink; and a controller controlling a temperature of at least one of the first heater and the second heater in response to information received from the temperature sensor. The print head includes a heat insulator blocking heat emitted from the first heater between the substrate and the first heater.

Abstract: A display apparatus comprises a first plate including a first display panel and a first link member, wherein the first link member includes a first internal link configured to move in a longitudinal direction of the first link member, a second plate including a second display panel and a second link member, wherein the second link member includes a second internal link configured to move in a longitudinal direction of the second link member and a hinge member rotatably connecting the first link member to the second link member to thereby rotatably connect the first display panel to the second display panel, wherein at least of the first internal link and the second internal link include a first opposing link including a first rack, a second opposing link including a second rack facing the first rack, and a pinion gear interlocking the first opposing link and the second opposing link.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display panel capable of avoiding a wire grid polarizer (WGP) process requiring a high temperature process and preventing deformation of a film polarizer by replacing a WGP with a film polarizer and by separately filming a transparent electrode and an alignment layer, a display apparatus having the display panel and a method of manufacturing the display panel. The display panel comprises a quantum dot color filter layer configured to convert a color of light emitted from a light source, a common electrode spaced apart from the quantum dot color filter layer, and a film polarizer arranged between the quantum dot color filter layer and the common electrode, and configured to be laminated with the quantum dot color filter layer after being laminated with the common electrode.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for measuring an endolymphatic hydrops ratio of inner ear organs using an artificial neural network. The method of measuring an endolymphatic hydrops ratio includes obtaining a plurality of frame images obtained by capturing inner ear organs, obtaining a plurality of pieces of mask data corresponding to each of the plurality of frame images by inputting the plurality of frame images into a neural network, clustering the plurality of pieces of mask data according to the inner ear organs and obtaining representative images according to the inner ear organs according to certain conditions, and overlapping a target image synthesized by using the plurality of frame images and the representative images according to the inner ear organs so as to measure an endolymphatic hydrops ratio.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes a printed circuit board; a light source disposed on the printed circuit board and configured to emit light towards an upper side of the backlight unit; a reflective lens disposed on an upper side of the light source; and a reflective tape attached to the printed circuit board so as to surround the light source. At least a part of the reflective tape has a color different from a color of the light emitted by the light source.

Abstract: A storage device includes a non-volatile memory device, a memory controller, a secure element, and a wireless power received. The memory controller encrypts data using key information and stores the encrypted data in the non-volatile memory device, or reads the encrypted data from the non-volatile memory device, decrypts the read encrypted data using the key information, and outputs the decrypted data to an external device. The secure element stores the key information. The wireless power receiver, when the key information of the secure element is destroyed, receives wireless power from an external wireless device and provides the wireless power to the secure element.

Abstract: A neuromorphic device includes a first resistor line having a plurality of first resistors that are serially connected to each other, a second resistor line having a plurality of second resistors that are serially connected to each other, one or more current sources to control a current flowing in each of the first resistor line and the second resistor line to a respective current value, a first capacitor electrically connectable to the first resistor line, and a second capacitor electrically connectable to the second resistor line.

Abstract: A method for neural network quantization includes performing a forward pass and a backward pass of a first neural network having a first bit precision with respect to each of a plurality of input data sets, obtaining profile information with respect to at least one of input gradients, weight gradients, and output gradients calculated for each layer of layers included in the first neural network in the process of performing the backward pass, determining one or more layers, from among the layers, to be quantized with a second bit precision less than the first bit precision, based on the obtained profile information, and generating a second neural network by quantizing the determined layers from among the layers with the second bit precision.

Abstract: A display module includes a glass substrate having a front surface and a back surface opposite to the front surface; a TFT layer; LEDs mounted on the TFT layer; and a plurality of side wirings formed at intervals in an edge area of the glass substrate, and the edge area includes a first area corresponding to a side surface of the glass substrate, a second area adjacent to the side surface, and a third area adjacent to the side surface, and a first chamfered surface formed by chamfering a corner at which the first area and the second area meet, and a second chamfered surface formed by chamfering a corner at which the first area and the third area meet, and each of the plurality of side wirings is disposed along the second area, the first chamfered surface, the first area, the second chamfered surface, and the third area.

Abstract: Provided are an electronic device and a method of controlling an external device by the electronic device. According to various embodiments of the present disclosure, a method of controlling an external device by an electronic device includes displaying, on a screen, a first user interface (UI) corresponding to first UI data received from an external server, transmitting, to the external device, second UI data corresponding to the first UI, receiving, from the external device, coordinates selected by a user using the external device, obtaining additional information related to the first UI when the coordinates correspond to a position of the first UI displayed on the screen, and transmitting, to the external device, the additional information and an execution command of an application using the additional information.

Abstract: A spacer includes: an opening through which light passes; an inner side surface forming the opening; and a protruding portion including a plurality of protrusions protruding from the inner side surface. Lengths of the plurality of protrusions vary in a circumferential direction of the protruding portion.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a display apparatus, a control method and a recording medium, the display apparatus including: a display; an information obtaining part; and a processor configured to: obtain an information on a plurality of viewing positions of a plurality of users regarding a screen of the display by the information obtaining part, identify a viewing position, on which a distribution is concentrated, among the plurality of viewing positions based on the obtained information, and control to compensate an image quality of an area corresponding to the identified viewing position among a plurality of areas of the screen based on a viewing angle at the identified viewing position.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device including a reflective sheet with high rigidity and low shrinkage and expansion, the liquid crystal display device comprising: a liquid crystal panel; a light guide plate provided below the liquid crystal panel; a light source for supplying light to the light guide plate; a reflective sheet provided below the light guide plate; a glass fiber coating layer provided on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the reflective sheet; and a lower chassis provided below the reflective sheet.

Abstract: An operation method of a dialog agent includes obtaining an utterance history including at least one of an outgoing utterance to be transmitted to request a service or at least one of an incoming utterance to be received to request the service, updating a requirement specification including items requested for the service based on the utterance history, generating utterance information to be used to request the service based on the updated requirement specification, and outputting the generated utterance information.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a memory configured to store first output luminance information corresponding to a first bit image, and second output luminance information corresponding to a second bit image; a display panel; a backlight including a plurality of backlight blocks configured to provide light to the display panel; a driver configured to individually drive each backlight block of the plurality of backlight blocks; and a processor configured to, based on receiving the first bit image, identify brightness information of the first bit image, and based on the brightness information being less than a threshold value, control the driver to drive at least one backlight block, from among the plurality of backlight blocks, based on the second output luminance information, wherein a number of bits of the second bit image is greater than a number of bits of the first bit image.

Abstract: An analog-digital converter includes a first analog-digital conversion unit configured to, during a first analog-digital conversion operation, sequentially charge each of n first differential node pairs, in response to a respective one of a differential sampling signal pair and first to (n?1)th differential signal pairs among n differential signal pairs, in response to each of the n first differential node pairs being sequentially charged, sequentially generate each of n first differential data pairs, and sequentially generate each of n upper differential data pairs to be used as n-bit upper digital data, in response to a respective one of the sequentially-generated n first differential data pairs. The first analog-digital conversion unit is further configured to, during a second analog-digital conversion operation, simultaneously discharge each of the n first differential node pairs, in response to a nth differential signal pair among the n differential signal pairs.

Abstract: The method includes forming a first dielectric layer on a substrate, forming a via in the first dielectric layer, sequentially forming a first metal pattern, a first metal oxide pattern, a second metal pattern, and an antireflective pattern on the first dielectric layer, and performing an annealing process to react the first metal oxide pattern and the second metal pattern with each other to form a second metal oxide pattern. The forming the second metal oxide pattern includes forming the second metal oxide pattern by a reaction between a metal element of the second metal pattern and an oxygen element of the first metal oxide pattern.

Abstract: A display panel includes a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, the plurality of pixels respectively including a plurality of sub pixels. The plurality of sub pixels respectively includes a light emitting element, and a PWM pixel circuit configured to control a light emitting duration of the light emitting element, based on a pulse width modulation (PWM) data voltage and a sweep voltage. A plurality of PWM pixel circuits included in the display panel are driven, for each of row lines of the plurality of pixels, in an order of a data setting period for setting the PWM data voltage and then a light emitting period in which the light emitting element emits light during a duration corresponding to the set PWM data voltage according to a change of the sweep voltage.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of an image signal processor (ISP) configured to perform signal processing on a raw image received from an image device, the operation method including generating a plurality of multi-scale images based on an input image, the plurality of multi-scale images having resolutions that are different from each other, iteratively performing a fast global weighted least squares (FGWLS) based operation on each of the plurality of multi-scale images to generate a final illuminance map, and outputting an enhanced image based on the final illuminance map and the input image.

Abstract: A light emitting device may include a first electrode disposed on a substrate, and a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being disposed on a same layer; an insulating pattern disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and overlapping a portion of the first electrode and a portion of the second electrode; and at least one light emitting element disposed on the insulating pattern, and including a first end and a second end in a longitudinal direction of the at least one light emitting element; a first bank disposed on the first electrode, and a second bank disposed on the second electrode; a first reflective electrode disposed on the first bank and electrically connected with the first electrode; and a second reflective electrode disposed on the second bank and electrically connected with the second electrode.

Abstract: A large rollable display device includes flexible display modules arranged spaced apart from each other at first intervals on a rear surface of a transparent cover. Each of the flexible display modules includes primary sub-flexible display modules arranged spaced apart from each other at second intervals on a rear surface of a primary flexible film, and each of the primary sub-flexible display modules includes secondary sub-flexible display modules that are arranged spaced apart from each other at third intervals on a rear surface of a secondary flexible film.

Abstract: Provided are two-dimensional material (2D)-based wiring conductive layer contact structures, electronic devices including the same, and methods of manufacturing the electronic devices. A 2D material-based field effect transistor includes a substrate; first to third 2D material layers on the substrate; an insulating layer on the first 2D material layer; a source electrode on the second 2D material layer; a drain electrode on the third 2D material layer; and a gate electrode on the insulating layer. The first 2D material layer is configured to exhibit semiconductor characteristics, and the second and third 2D material layers are metallic 2D material layers. The first 2D material layer may include a first channel layer of a 2D material and a second channel layer of a 2D material. The first 2D material layer may partially overlap the second and third 2D material layers.

Abstract: A high electron mobility transistor and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The high electron mobility transistor includes a channel layer, a channel supplying layer causing generation of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the channel layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode provided on respective sides of the channel supplying layer, a depletion forming layer provided on the channel supplying layer to form a depletion region in the 2DEG, a gate electrode provided on a portion of the depletion forming layer, and a current limiting layer provided to contact the gate electrode on another portion of the depletion forming layer. The current limiting layer limits a current flow from the gate electrode to the depletion forming layer according to a voltage applied to the gate electrode.

Abstract: An image sensor includes first and second organic photoelectric conversion devices stacked in a vertical direction and configured to selectively absorb light in a part of visible wavelength spectrum and non-selectively absorb light in the visible wavelength spectrum, respectively. The first organic photoelectric conversion device may selectively absorb light in a blue wavelength spectrum, and the second organic photoelectric conversion device may selectively absorb light in a green wavelength spectrum. The image sensor may have stacked organic photoelectric conversion devices configured to selectively absorb light in a red wavelength spectrum and a green wavelength spectrum, respectively.

Abstract: A display device with a reduced area of dead spaces and a low defect occurrence rate includes a substrate including a display area and a peripheral area; and a first insulating layer disposed over the peripheral area and including a first side surface portion, a second side surface portion, and at least one recess portion. The first side surface portion includes a side surface aligned with a side surface of the substrate, and the second side surface portion includes a side surface aligned with the side surface of the substrate and is spaced apart from the first side surface portion. A first pad is disposed on the first insulating layer, extends to an edge of the substrate, fills the at least one recess portion, and includes a front end surface aligned with the side surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a display device may include disposing a display panel on a stage to be parallel to an XZ-plane defined by a horizontal X-axis and a vertical Z-axis, measuring a height of a first side surface of the display panel in a direction of the Z-axis, rotating the stage such that the first side surface is parallel to a reference horizontal line in case that a result of the measured height indicates that the first side surface includes an inclined surface, moving the display panel in a direction of the Z-axis such that a first pad disposed on the first side surface overlaps the reference horizontal line, and bonding a second pad of a printed circuit board with the first pad.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate; and a fin protruding from the substrate. The fin includes a first material and a second material. The fin includes a lower section, a middle section, and an upper section. The middle section has a smaller width at a middle portion than a width at lower and upper portions of the middle section. A concentration of the second material gradually decreases from the middle portion in upward and downward directions.

Abstract: A method for controlling a first electronic device that manages a user query in an Internet of Things (IoT) network is disclosed. The method may include receiving a first query from the user, identifying whether the received first query is a static event in which a complete response can be generated by the first electronic device or a dynamic event in which a complete response cannot be generated by the first electronic device, based on the first query being identified as the static event, processing the first query, and based on the first query being identified as the dynamic event, transmitting the first query to a second electronic device.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area; pixels arranged in the display area, each of the pixels including a pixel circuit and a light-emitting diode; a driving voltage supply line arranged in the non-display area, the driving voltage supply line supplying a driving voltage to the pixels; a common voltage supply line arranged in the non-display area and electrically connected to an opposite electrode of the light-emitting diode to supply a common voltage; and a seal portion surrounding the display area. The common voltage supply line, the driving voltage supply line, and the seal portion are arranged in a direction away from the display area in an order of the common voltage supply line, the driving voltage supply line, and the seal portion.