Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, storing, in the memory a passed ledger, where the passed ledger includes data associated with characteristics of an object and wherein there is a one-to-one association between the passed ledger and the object. Some embodiments further include receiving, at a device including the processing system, information about a change to a characteristic of the object and writing to the passed ledger a block of data. The block of data is based on the change to the characteristic of the object. Some embodiments further include generating a hash of contents of the passed ledger, storing the hash of the contents of the passed ledger in a hash ledger and communicating, by the device, the hash of the contents of the passed ledger to a remote device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining data indicative, for a frame of a video, of a field of view of a user; determining from a set of homogeneous tiles of the frame a subset of the homogeneous tiles that covers the field of view, wherein the set of homogeneous tiles has been constructed prior to the obtaining of the data; and merging at least a first tile of the set of homogeneous tiles and a second tile of the set of homogenous tiles into a larger tile, wherein the merging is based upon at least one parameter. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, an avatar engine having a controller to retrieve a user profile of a user, present the user an avatar having characteristics that correlate to the user profile, detect one or more responses of the user during a communication exchange between the user and the avatar, identify from the one or more responses a need to determine a medical status of the user, establish communications with a medical diagnostic system, receive physiological information associated with the user, submit the physiological information to the medical diagnostic system, receive from the medical diagnostic system a diagnostic analysis of the physiological information, and present the diagnostic analysis to at least one of the user and a medical agent of the user, wherein the user is presented the diagnostic analysis by way of the avatar. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for using user equipment data clusters and spatial temporal graphs of abnormalities for root cause analysis. User equipment data can be obtained from a cellular network. A filter having a threshold can be applied to the user equipment data to obtain a records. A determination is made whether the threshold is to be adaptively adjusted. If a determination is made that the threshold is not to be adjusted, the records can be added to a record set. The records in the subset of records can be correlated based on a key to obtain a filtered and correlated version of the record set, a spatial temporal graph of abnormalities associated with the cellular network can be generated based on the filtered and correlated version of the record set, and a root cause of a failure can be determined based on the spatial temporal graph of abnormalities.

Abstract: A method, device and machine-readable storage device for transferring data between identity modules is disclosed. Data is stored in one of a first removable storage module coupled to a donor communication device and a memory of the donor communication device, or both. A first portion of the data is provided to a server. The server provides the first portion of the data to a second removable storage module coupled to a recipient communication device responsive to a determination that a recipient communication device has a right to the data. Additional embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, identifying a plurality of mobile devices implementing an application, and identifying a group of mobile devices from among the plurality of mobile devices according to a first movement pattern of the group of mobile devices. Further aspects can include identifying a first mobile edge compute (MEC) node at a first location according to a proximity threshold that does not include a MEC agent for the application, and identifying a second MEC node at a second location that includes the MEC agent for the application according to the proximity threshold. Additional aspects can include determining a first network relative performance (NRP) metric associated with a first communications between the group of mobile devices and the second MEC node. The first communications are associated with the application. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a processor accesses sensor input data received from one or more sensors. The sensor input data represents one or more gestures. The processor determines, based on the sensor input data representing the one or more gestures, action data representing an action to be performed by a robot. The action includes physical movements of the robot. The processor evaluates the action data representing the action to be performed by the robot in light of evaluation data.

Abstract: A movable device and a method for monitoring an operation cycle of an appliance are disclosed. For example, the movable device includes an operational detection component to receive operational feedback of the appliance, wherein the operational feedback comprises a vibration of the appliance and an audible signal of the appliance, a wireless interface to establish a wireless connection with a mobile endpoint device, a processor in communication with the operational detection component to determine when the appliance is in the operation cycle based upon the operational feedback and to generate a notification message that is sent to the mobile endpoint device when the appliance has completed the operation cycle, a housing enclosing the operation detection component, the wireless interface and the processor and a connection component coupled to the housing to removably couple the apparatus to the appliance.

Abstract: A comprehensive integrated system and method includes (i) proactively monitoring a network for degraded service and to proactively make repairs to components before service outages, (ii) identifying the root causes of hard alarms and failures on a layer 1 transport network and generate trouble tickets; and (iii) after repair, verifying that repaired backbone network meets or exceeds performance criteria of Service Level Agreements (SLAs) with customers. A method includes surveilling first equipment in a network wherein the first equipment is in a controlled portion of the network, observing a set of messages wherein the set of messages relate to second equipment in a leased portion of the network, and detecting a fault in the network based on the surveilling step or the observing step.

Abstract: A processing system of a vehicle having at least one processor may obtain, from a network-based security system, at least a first security code, apply a hash operation to a firmware code of the vehicle in accordance with the at least the first security code to generate a first hash value, and transmit the first hash value to the network-based security system. The processing system may then obtain from the network-based security system at least a first verification code, the network-based security system providing the at least the first verification code in response to a confirmation of the first hash value, apply the at least the first verification code to a verification function, and generate a signal to enable the operation of the vehicle, in response to a positive verification via the verification function.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving data associated with a video, applying the data to a machine learning model to obtain a prediction regarding an accuracy of an assertion included in the video, responsive to the prediction indicating that the assertion is accurate, transmitting the video to a processing system including a processor, and responsive to the prediction indicating that the assertion in inaccurate, preventing a transmission of the video to the processing system. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Playlists comprising media objects can be modified by adding personalized supplemental media objects that can provide a customized entertainment experience. As an example, an application can overlay a playlist on a consumer's device and can call a user-configurable rules engine that can select a supplemental media object (e.g., a pre-recorded and/or dynamically synthesized media file) that is to be played with the media objects. In one example, the supplemental media object can be associated with a user-selected voice personality and can be streamed from a network storage device via a communication network coupled to the consumer device.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein provide for efficient configuration of demodulation reference signals in beamformed wireless communications systems. In an embodiment, the transmitter can signal the location of demodulation reference signals (DMRS) by including an indicator bit in downlink control information indicating which DMRS scheme is used in the transmission. A first DMRS scheme can let the user equipment (UE) device know that the DMRS position for the PDSCH carrying the RMSI is as signaled on the master information block (MIB)—referred to as PDSCH Mapping Type A. A second DMRS scheme can let the UE device know that the DMRS position for the PDSCH carrying the RMSI is the first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol of said PDSCH allocation—referred to as PDSCH mapping type B).

Abstract: A method includes determining an operating frequency of an antenna at a component of the antenna. The method includes determining, at the component of the antenna, a filter node of a plurality of filter nodes to activate to tune the antenna to the operating frequency. The method includes transmitting power to the filter node, wherein the power is transmitted via a first optical fiber. The method also includes sending a signal from the component to a light source. The activation of the light source sends an optical signal to the filter node. The filter node adjusts a characteristic of a radiating element coupled to the filter node using the power responsive to the optical signal. Adjustment of the characteristic facilitates tuning the antenna to the operating frequency.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to the optimization of over-the-air (“OTA”) file distribution for connected cars based upon a heuristic scheduling algorithm. A schedule provided by the heuristic scheduling algorithm is designed to distribute OTA data flow to connected cars over the network (geographically) and over a scheduling time horizon (timely), and is capable of reducing the negative impact of OTA file updates on overall wireless network performance. This schedule is created based upon historical statistics associated with connected car driving patterns and simulations of connected car-specific OTA traffic over the network. By leveraging connected cars that connect to different cells at different times based upon driving patterns, the heuristic scheduling algorithm is effective in reducing OTA impact on the network.

Abstract: In one example, a processing system including at least one processor may receive a first set of location reports for a device in an environment including a plurality of wireless beacons, determine, based on the first set of location reports for the device, a first location of the device in the environment, initiate, based on the first location of the device in the environment, a sending of a content item toward the device, receive a second set of location reports for the device, determine, based on the second set of location reports for the device, a second location of the device in the environment, and provide, based on the first location of the device in the environment and the second location of the device in the environment, a metric indicative of an effectiveness of the content item in causing movement of a user of the device in the environment.

Abstract: A processing system including at least one processor may obtain a portion of a video stream, identify a first region of the portion of the video stream that contains a first item that is designated for obscuring, replace the first item in the first region of the portion of the video stream with an obscured version of the first item, and encrypt the portion of the video stream with a first encryption key. The processing system may further generate an executable package comprising the first item in the first region of the portion of the video, where the executable package is encrypted with a second encryption key, and transmit the portion of the video stream that is encrypted with the first encryption key and the executable package that is encrypted with the second encryption key to a recipient device.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving content that includes a 360-degree video, determining that guidance is enabled with respect to the content, obtaining an input responsive to determining that the guidance is enabled, and obtaining the guidance with respect to a playback of the content, where the obtained guidance is based on the input. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, receiving a plurality of communication signals, and generating, according to the plurality of communication signals, a plurality of electromagnetic waves bound at least in part to a dielectric layer of a conductor. The plurality of electromagnetic waves propagates along the dielectric layer of the conductor without an electrical return path, where each electromagnetic wave of the plurality of electromagnetic waves includes a different portions of the plurality of communication signals, and where the plurality of electromagnetic waves utilizes a signal multiplexing configuration that at least reduces an interference between the plurality of electromagnetic waves. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies disclosed herein are directed to per-session invocation of priority services based upon network available information. A service architecture can include a service architecture core and a service execution runtime framework in which a priority service application is executable to perform operations to provide a priority service for a communications session. The priority service application can determine whether a priority service should be invoked for the communications session based upon priority criteria. If a determination is made that the priority service is to be invoked for the communications session based upon the priority criteria, the priority service application can invoke the priority service for the communications session.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method performed by a processing system including a processor, including receiving, from an augmented reality device, image data associated with a visual apparatus, determining whether the image data indicates a marker, and, responsive to determining that the image date indicates the marker, determining a first characteristic associated with a user of the augmented reality device, and sending a notification to an advertising server responsive to determining the image data includes the marker, where the advertising server sends content data to the augmented reality device responsive to the notification, and where the content data is selected by the advertising server according to the first characteristic associated with the user of the augmented reality device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects include determining whether a utilization of wireless spectrum associated with a guaranteed class of traffic in a network is greater than a first threshold, responsive to the determining indicating that the utilization of the wireless spectrum associated with the guaranteed class of traffic is greater than the first threshold, causing an upgrade of a capacity in the network, and responsive to the determining indicating that the utilization of the wireless spectrum associated with the guaranteed class of traffic is not greater than the first threshold: determining a throughput for a non-guaranteed class of traffic for each cell of a plurality of cells of the network, and responsive to determining that the throughput for the non-guaranteed class of traffic for at least one cell of the plurality of cells is less than a second threshold, causing the upgrade of the capacity in the network. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a machine-readable medium, comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processing system including a processor, facilitate performance of operations, including: receiving measurements indicating a viewpoint and a gaze direction of a user in a room; receiving a plurality of real-time images from the two or more cameras outside of the room; creating a visual presentation comprising two or more of the plurality of real-time images stitched together, wherein the two or more of the plurality of real-time images are used to remove a physical object obstructing a view of one of the two or more cameras; and sending the visual presentation to the display device, wherein the display device presents the visual presentation on the screen. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, predicting a field of view of a viewer to obtain a predicted field of view based on information about the viewer and a scoring of a point of interest in media content. A line of sight is obtained between the viewer and a presentation of the media content to obtain a viewer line of sight, and the scoring of the point of interest in the media content is updated to obtain an updated scoring based on the viewer line of sight, the predicted field of view being updated according to the updated scoring. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, calculating a respective first quality metric for each cell of a plurality of cells included in a network, calculating a respective second quality metric for each cell of the plurality of cells, calculating a capacity of each cell of the plurality of cells in accordance with the first quality metric for the cell and the second quality metric for the cell, and allocating traffic of the network amongst the plurality of cells in accordance with the respective capacity of each cell of the plurality of cells. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a request to permit equipment of a subscriber of a mobile service provider that provides a subscribed service via a licensed frequency spectrum to access the subscribed service via a wireless access terminal according to an unlicensed frequency spectrum. A radio adapted to provide access to the subscribed service via the licensed frequency spectrum is identified, wherein the wireless access terminal resides within a coverage area of the identified radio. A current utilization of the identified radio is determined and a response to the request is generated according to the current utilization of the identified radio, wherein access to the subscribed service via the wireless access terminal is conditional according to the response to the request, resulting in conditional access. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, an assessment of a context associated with a conference, an identification of an object associated with the conference in accordance with the context, and a presentation of the object as part of the conference. The conference may include a videoconference and the object may include a physical object, a virtual object, or a combination thereof. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, identifying a local mobile country code (MCC) for a wireless communication device, accessing a home MCC list for the wireless communication device, and determining whether the local MCC for the wireless communication device matches any home MCC comprised in the home MCC list for the wireless communication device. In various embodiments, an operating parameter of the wireless communication device may be modified responsive to a determination that the local MCC for the wireless communication device does not match any home MCC comprised in the home MCC list for the wireless communication device. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, calculating a throughput of each cell of a plurality of cells of a communication network, calculating a total throughput of the plurality of cells, and distributing, in accordance with a first distribution, carrier aggregated traffic amongst the plurality of cells, wherein each cell obtains a respective portion of the carrier aggregated traffic as part of the first distribution in accordance with the throughput of the cell and the total throughput. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Multi-agent input coordination can be used to for acoustic collaboration of multiple listening agents deployed in smart devices on a premises, improving the accuracy of identifying requests and specifying where that request should be honored, improving quality of detection, and providing better understanding of user commands and user intent throughout the premises. A processor or processors such as those in a smart speaker can identify audio requests received through at least two agents in a network and determine at which of the agents to actively process a selected audio request. The identification can make use of techniques such as location context and secondary trait analysis. The audio request can include simultaneous audio requests received through at least two agents, differing audio requests received from different requesters, or both.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, by an authentication server, first credentials from a mobile application installed on a device. The first credentials include information associated with the device and information associated with a user of the device. The method also includes automatically receiving, by the authentication server and from the device, a request to connect the device to a network of a third party. The request is automatically generated by the device without interaction from the user of the device and the request comprises second credentials. The method further includes determining, by the authentication server, whether to authenticate the device using the first credentials and the second credentials and communicating, by the authentication server, a packet to the device that allows the device to connect to the network of the third party if the authentication server determines to authenticate the device.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses provide a scalable framework for analyzing queuing and transient congestion in network switches. The system reports which flows contributed to the queue buildup and enables direct per-packet action in the data plane to prevent transient congestion. The system may be configured to analyze queuing in legacy network switches.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide for encoding and decoding control link information with polar codes where the frozen bits of the information block can be set to the device identification number instead of being set to null. The frozen bits can be identified based on the type of polar code being used, and while the non-frozen bits can be coded with the channel state information, the frozen bits can be coded with the device ID. In an example where there are more frozen bits than bits in the device ID, the most reliable of the frozen bits can be coded with the device ID. In another example, the frozen bits can be set to the CRC bits, which can then be masked by the device ID.

Abstract: Facilitating dynamic satellite and mobility convergence for mobility backhaul in advanced networks (e.g., 4G, 5G, 6G and beyond) is provided herein. Operations of a system can comprise determining that a group of user equipment devices are located in a defined geographic area and are consuming more than a defined level of resources of a wireless communications network based on an amount of network traffic received from the group of user equipment devices. The operations also can comprise configuring an integrated network comprising a first group of terrestrial network devices and a second group of satellite network devices. Further, the operations can comprise routing at least a portion of network traffic associated with the group of user equipment devices among the first group of terrestrial network devices and the second group of satellite network devices.

Abstract: Specialized, service optimized virtual machines are assigned to handle specific types of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. An IoT context mapping policy engine within the context of a virtualized network function manages IoT context mapping policy functions in load balancers. The IoT context mapping policy functions select service optimized virtual machines based on IoT device IDs, and assign those virtual machines to handle the devices. The IoT context mapping policy functions provide load data to the IoT context mapping policy engine. Based on the load data, the IoT context mapping policy engine maintains appropriate scaling by creating or tearing down instances of the virtual machines.

Abstract: Employment of a radio link control (RLC) protocol sublayer, wherein a data packet can be encapsulated by a relay distributed unit according to the protocol based on routing information provided by a routing function component, resulting in an encapsulated data unit. The encapsulated data unit can be transmitted on a relay bearer channel carried on an integrated access and backhaul (JAB) communications link.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a first image of a random distribution of particles overlaying an encoded region of an object identification tag, wherein the first image is obtained according to a first image capture configuration comprising a first image capture angle. The first image is associated with a decoded message determined according to the encoded region resulting in an association between the object identification tag and the first reflection pattern. A second image of the random distribution of particles is obtained according to a second image capture configuration including a second image capture angle, and an authenticity of the object identification tag is determined according to the association, the first image, and the second image. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include a communication system including a full duplex transceiver is configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals simultaneously over a transmission medium; a processing system including a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitates the performance of operations, including: transmitting, via the full duplex transceiver, electromagnetic wave signals that convey a plurality of data frames, wherein the electromagnetic wave signals propagate along the transmission medium to another transceiver, wherein the electromagnetic wave signals propagate along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path; monitoring, via the full duplex transceiver, the transmission medium for an interference; identifying, via the full duplex transceiver, one or more data frames of the plurality of data frames that were transmitted during a period of the interference; and retransmitting,

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining a network parameter associated with a first network device. The first network device transmits a first portion of a first group of wireless signals associated with the first network device to a first group of communication devices located in a first geographical area. Further embodiments can include detecting a second group of communication devices in a second geographical area, and determining the network parameter does not exceed a network parameter threshold resulting in a first determination. Additional embodiments can include amplifying a second portion of the first group of wireless signals associated with the first network device based on the first determination resulting in a first group of amplified wireless signals, and transmitting the first group of amplified wireless signals to a first portion of the second group of communication devices. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A user equipment (e.g., C-V2X user equipment) can receive a transmission from a network device of a mobile network and decode the transmission using a first forward error correction code. The user equipment can determine an attribute of the transmission to determine a condition of the communication channel. Based on the condition of the communication channel, the user equipment can facilitate transmitting feedback to the network device, wherein the feedback is forwarded through the mobile network to an application server device that selects a second forward error correction code based on the feedback. The second forward error correction code can be transmitted to, and received by, the user equipment. The user equipment can use the second forward error correction code to decode subsequent transmissions.

Abstract: Containers and container orchestration can be utilized for the creation of an environment that supports virtual network functions (VNFs) representing user plane and/or control plane gateways of 5G networks. Security and/or performance of the 5G network is improved by utilizing blockchain ledgers representing activity associated with the containers. In one aspect, cryptographic blockchain data is appended to a container when the VNF is created and/or modified. The cryptographic blockchain data can create a permanent ledger of activity on the container, which can be utilized to detect malicious attacks and/or unauthorized requests, and/or track activity associated with containers that are utilized to support high performance users and/or services. Further, the cryptographic blockchain data can be utilized for various applications, such as, but not limited to, security, accounting, network performance, governance and risk compliance, etc.

Abstract: Devices, computer-readable media, and methods for routing traffic of a network service via a virtual private network that is configured in accordance with a virtual private network configuration preference of an identified user are described. A method may determine a network service that an endpoint device is attempting to access and may detect an identity of a user of the endpoint device. The processing system may obtain a plurality of virtual private network configuration preferences of the user, each of the plurality of virtual private network configuration preferences matching a virtual private network configuration preference with one or more of a plurality of network services, and route traffic of the endpoint device for the network service via a virtual private network that is configured in accordance with a virtual private network configuration preference of the plurality of virtual private network configuration preferences.

Abstract: An example method includes estimating a number of people expected to attend a non-ticketed event, based on electronic data including social media postings, estimating a per-person amount of network traffic expected to be generated on a communications network during the non-ticketed event, based at least in part on historical per-person network traffic statistics for a historical event of a similar type to the non-ticketed event, calculating an amount of total network traffic expected to be generated during the non-ticketed event, based at least on the number of people expected to attend the non-ticketed event and the per-person amount of network traffic, and implementing a modification to an infrastructure of the communications network in a geographic location of the non-ticketed event, based at least in part on the amount of total network traffic expected to be generated during the non-ticketed event.

Abstract: Concepts and technologies are disclosed herein for tag-based security policy creation in a distributed computing environment. A security management module can receive an inventory event that relates to instantiation of a service. The security management module can identify the service that was instantiated and obtain a tag set that relates to the service. The tag set can include security tags that include a string that identifies a communications link associated with the entities included in the service that was instantiated. The security management module can identify policy rules associated with the security tags. The policy rules can define security for the service that was instantiated. The security management module can compute a security policy for the service and can provide the security policy to the computing environment for implementation.

Abstract: Methods and systems for capturing, transmitting and processing data for generating ratings relating to multimedia programming based on passively obtained user cues are disclosed herein.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a method in which a processing system of a first network element receives information indicating that a user equipment (UE) support dual connectivity with first and second inter-radio access technologies (IRATs). The UE is enabled to communicate with a second network element using the second IRAT. The system provides to the UE uplink power configurations for data transmissions between the UE and the network elements, and performs a closed loop control procedure that includes determining a first transmit power control (TPC) value for first data transmissions from the UE and a second TPC value for second data transmissions from the UE, and adjusting the first TPC value and the second TPC value to allocate UE uplink transmission power between the first IRAT and the second IRAT. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, monitoring network messages at a network edge of a service provider network, wherein the network edge is coupled via a network edge device to a local area network comprising a plurality of network-addressable (IoT) devices, wherein the network edge device is in communication with a service provider network via a transmission medium in which electromagnetic waves comprising the network messages propagate along the transmission medium without requiring an electrical return path. A network-addressable device of the plurality of network-addressable devices is detected to obtain a detected network-addressable device according to the monitoring of the network messages. Information obtained from the detected network-addressable device is evaluated to obtain an evaluation result and a listing of the plurality of network-addressable devices is updated based on the evaluation results. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a device that has a processing system including a processor; and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processing system, facilitate performance of operations including: receiving media content from user equipment, wherein the media content comprises a sample of an existing work used to modify an original work; analyzing the media content using machine learning to determine a plurality of composition parameters that characterize aspects of the media content; recording the plurality of composition parameters determined, including an identification of composition parameters in the plurality of composition parameters attributable to the existing work, and an identification of composition parameters attributable to the original work, in a blockchain ledger; searching for the composition parameters in the blockchain ledger for one or more works having similar composition parameters; and reporting any works found during th

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, applying a setting voltage across first and second electrodes, wherein a nanowire with a first electrical resistance is electrically connected between the first and second electrodes, wherein the applying of the setting voltage causes a migration of ions from the first and/or second electrodes to a surface of the nanowire, and wherein the migration of ions effectuates a reduction of electrical resistance of the nanowire from the first electrical resistance to a second electrical resistance that is lower than the first electrical resistance; and applying a reading voltage across the pair of electrodes, wherein the reading voltage is less than the setting voltage, and wherein the reading voltage is sufficiently small such that the applying of the reading voltage causes no more than an insignificant change of the electrical resistance of the nanowire from the second electrical resistance. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, storing, in a database, information associated with a first item purchased by a user, the information comprising an identification of the first item and a time of purchase of the first item; receiving web browsing data based upon monitoring, by another device, web browsing of the user; determining, based upon the web browsing data that is received, whether the user is currently browsing at a shopping website, resulting in a determination; responsive to the determination being that the user is currently browsing at the shopping website, querying the database to determine an elapsed time since the time of purchase of the first item; responsive to the elapsed time meeting a threshold, generating a message to send to the another device monitoring the web browsing, the message informing the user of a suggested second item for the buyer to purchase, the suggested second item being a replacement for the first item; and sending the message to the another dev