Abstract: A computing device comprises a base that comprises a base surface configured to support the computing device on a supporting surface, and a front wall adjoining and extending away from the base surface. The computing device also includes a chassis adjoining the base, the chassis comprising a planar user interactive surface comprising one or more user input components. The chassis also comprises an overhanging brim that extends beyond at least the front wall of the base and comprises at least one magnet configured to removably retain a stylus underneath the overhanging brim.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for a windowing container that enables two or more windows associated with application(s) to be grouped within the container such that the windows may behave or function uniformly as a single window. For example, responsive to a request to group two windows, a container may be generated to include the windows arranged based on one or more rules and features enabling group functions associated with the container to be performed. When a group function is performed on the container, the function may be performed to each of the windows arranged therein as if they were a single window. As new windows are grouped within or existing windows are released from the container, the container and/or windows may be rearranged based on the rules. A state of the container may be stored to enable subsequent invocation of the container after closing.

Abstract: A computer system that includes a plurality of compute clusters that are located at different geographical locations. Each compute cluster is powered by a local energy source at a geographical location of that compute cluster. Each local energy source has a pattern of energy supply that is variable over time based on an environmental factor. The computer system further includes a server system that executes a global scheduler that distributes virtual machines that perform compute tasks for server-executed software programs to the plurality of compute clusters of the distributed compute platform. To distribute virtual machines for a target server-executed software program, the global scheduler is configured to select a subset of compute clusters that have different complementary patterns of energy supply such that the subset of compute clusters aggregately provide a target compute resource availability for virtual machines for the target server-executed software program.

Abstract: A computing device is provided, including memory storing an instruction storage location. The computing device may further include a processor system including a plurality of processor threads. The processor system may suspend execution of one or more respective processor threads of the plurality of processor threads. The processor system may store one or more respective processor thread contexts of the one or more processor threads in the memory. The processor system may enter a system management mode (SMM). The processor system may determine that the instruction storage location includes a code update instruction. The processor system may perform a code update based on the code update instruction. The processor system may exit the SMM. The processor system may retrieve the one or more processor thread contexts from the memory and resume execution of the one or more processor threads without rebooting the computing device.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein are directed to intelligently classifying Web trackers in a privacy preserving manner and mitigating the effects of such Web trackers. As users browse the Web and encounter various Web sites, tracker-related metrics are determined. The metrics are obfuscated to protect the privacy of the user. The obfuscated metrics are provided as inputs to a machine learning model, which is configured to output a classification for the Web trackers associated with the Web sites visited by the user. Depending on the classification, the effects of the Web trackers are mitigated by placing restrictions on the Web trackers. The restrictions for a particular Web tracker may be relaxed based on a level of user engagement a user has with respect to the tracker's associated Web site. By doing so, the compatibility risks associated with tracking prevention are mitigated for Web sites that are relatively important to the user.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are exemplary embodiments of methods, apparatus, and systems for performing content-adaptive deblocking to improve the visual quality of video images compressed using block-based motion-predictive video coding. For instance, in certain embodiments of the disclosed technology, edge information is obtained using global orientation energy edge detection (“OEED”) techniques on an initially deblocked image. OEED detection can provide a robust partition of local directional features (“LDFs”). For a local directional feature detected in the partition, a directional deblocking filter having an orientation corresponding to the orientation of the LDF can be used. The selected filter can have a filter orientation and activation thresholds that better preserve image details while reducing blocking artifacts. In certain embodiments, for a consecutive non-LDF region, extra smoothing can be imposed to suppress the visually severe blocking artifacts.

Abstract: A method and system for generating one or more questions relating to a presentation session includes receiving audio data from the presentation session, retrieving a transcript for the audio data, receiving other data relating to the presentation session, providing at least one of the transcript and the other data to a machine-learning (ML) model as input for automatically generating the one or more questions relating to the presentation session, receiving from the ML model the one or more questions, and providing the one or more questions for display on a user interface associated with the presentation session.

Abstract: A method for a touch-sensitive display device comprises detecting a position of a stylus touch input relative to a plurality of touch-sensing electrodes, the stylus touch input corresponding to proximity of an active stylus to a display surface. A position of a human hand touch input is detected, corresponding to proximity of a human hand to the display surface. Each of the plurality of touch-sensing electrodes are driven with a first drive signal to communicate data to the active stylus. An electrical grounding condition is detected that interferes with reception of the first drive signal by the active stylus. A hand-proximity-subset of the plurality of touch-sensing electrodes within a threshold distance of the position of the human hand touch input are driven with a second drive signal, different from the first drive signal.

Abstract: Innovations in encoder-side search ranges having horizontal bias or vertical bias are described herein. For example, a video encoder determines a block vector (“BV”) for a current block of a picture, performs intra prediction for the current block using the BV, and encodes the BV. The BV indicates a displacement to a region within the picture. When determining the BV, the encoder checks a constraint that the region is within a BV search range having a horizontal bias or vertical bias. The encoder can select the BV search range from among multiple available BV search ranges, e.g., depending at least in part on BV values of one or more previous blocks, which can be tracked in a histogram data structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques for providing an illumination system that emits illumination into an environment while also enabling that system to be undetectable to certain types of external light detection systems. The system includes a single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) low light (LL) detection device and a light emitting device. The light emitting device provides illumination having a wavelength of at least 950 nanometers (nm). An intensity of the illumination is set to a level that causes the illumination to be undetectable from a determined distance away based on the roll off rate of the light. While the light emitting device is providing the illumination, the SPAD LL detection device generates an image of an environment in which the illumination is being provided.

Abstract: A computing device including a wireless communication device, an electrostatic interface, and a processor. The processor may be configured to, via the electrostatic interface, detect a peripheral device proximate the surface. In response to detecting the peripheral device, the processor may be further configured to establish wireless pairing with the peripheral device at least in part by performing an identifier exchange via the electrostatic interface. Subsequently to performing the identifier exchange, establishing wireless pairing may further include generating a temporary key and transmitting the temporary key to the peripheral device via the electrostatic interface. Subsequently to transmitting the temporary key, establishing wireless pairing may further include receiving a first wireless pairing signal from the peripheral device via the wireless communication device.

Abstract: A computing system is provided. The computing system includes a server having one or more processors configured to receive from a user computing device run-time telemetry data, the run-time telemetry data being recorded during execution of a target program of a plurality of programs by the user computing device and being indicative of communication between the user computing device and a user input device. The one or more processors are further configured to determine a performance metric based on the run-time telemetry data, determine an updated driver parameter for the target program based on the determined performance metric, send the updated driver parameter to the user computing device, and apply the updated driver parameter for use during a subsequent execution of the target program.

Abstract: A data processing system for determining a capacity of a server farm implements determining a first operating parameter indicative of a utilization status of a server farm comprising a plurality of virtual machines; determining that the first operating parameter falls within a first range of operating values in which capacity testing of the server farm is performed; capacity testing the server farm to determine a capacity estimate by iteratively configuring a virtual machine of the plurality of virtual machines operating in an active state to operate in a sleep state until the first operating parameter reaches an upper threshold associated with the first range of operating values and monitoring performance of the plurality of virtual machines; modifying configuration parameters of the server farm to adjust an amount of available computing capacity based on the capacity estimate; and operating the server farm based on the updated configuration parameters.

Abstract: The management of applications in a computing environment often involves a significant number of computing operations, such as acquiring the application, deploying data objects in various locations, and configuring the application with respect to the deployed device. Conventional computing environments may provide inadequate support throughout a typical application life cycle, especially for a computing environment distributed across many devices. Instead, the computing environment may be represented in a deployable object hierarchy that may be distributed to various devices. An application management service may therefore be provided to install representations of the application in the object hierarchy, and to support many other aspects of the application life cycle, such as application discovery, sharing, updating, and removal.

Abstract: A method for targeted repair of a hardware component in a computing device that is part of a cloud computing system includes monitoring a plurality of hardware components in the computing device. At some point, a defective sub-component within the hardware component of the computing device is identified. In addition to the defective sub-component, the hardware component also includes at least one sub-component that is functioning properly and a spare component that can be used in place of the defective sub-component. The method also includes initiating a targeted repair action while the computing device is connected to the cloud computing system. The targeted repair action prevents the defective sub-component from being used by the computing device without preventing sub-components that are functioning properly from being used by the computing device. The targeted repair action causes the spare component to be used in place of the defective sub-component.

Abstract: A whiteboard template can include multiple regions that are associated with different data sources. Each region can be associated with a different data source and can present objects based upon logical representations stored in an associated data source. Logical representations of objects in a region can include links to other objects in other regions associated with other data sources. When an object is moved between regions, transformations can be applied to the logical representation associated with the object. If the object is linked to other objects, the transformation can be propagated to the logical representations of the linked objects. In this manner, a single movement of an object between regions in a template can result in the updating of multiple objects and associated data sources, the updating of the visual properties of objects in multiple regions, and updating the visual properties of the regions themselves.

Abstract: A physical server with an offload card including a SoC (system-on-chip) and a FPGA (field programmable gate array) is disclosed. According to one set of embodiments, the SoC can be configured to offload one or more hypervisor functions from a CPU complex of the server that are suited for execution in software, and the FPGA can be configured to offload one or more hypervisor functions from the CPU complex that are suited for execution in hardware.

Abstract: Computer-implemented techniques for enhanced tagging of natural language queries that are initially segmented and tagged by a named entity recognition system. By doing so, enhanced tagging of a natural language query that represents a deeper understanding of the query is provided. The enhanced tagging improves the operation of search engines that use the enhanced tags by enabling the search engine to identify and return more relevant search results in answers to natural language queries.

Abstract: This disclosure provides electrochemically-cleavable linkers with cleavage potentials that are less than the redox potential of the solvent in which the linkers are used. In some applications, the solvent may be water or an aqueous buffer solution. The linkers may be used to link a nucleotide to a bound group. The linkers include a cleavable group which may be one of a methoxybenzyl alcohol, an ester, a propargyl thioether, or a trichloroethyl ether. The linkers may be cleaved in solvent by generating an electrode potential that is less than the redox potential of the solvent. In some implementations, an electrode array may be used to generate localized electrode potentials which selectively cleave linkers bound to the activated electrode. Uses for the linkers include attachment of blocking groups to nucleotides in enzymatic oligonucleotide synthesis.

Abstract: A computing device including a processor configured to receive source code including a plurality of source code modules. The processor may generate executable code from the source code and assign two or more reload indicators to two or more executable code modules. The processor may execute the executable code. During execution of the executable code, the processor may receive a source code update and generate an executable code update from the source code and the source code update. The processor may apply the executable code update to the executable code to generate updated executable code. The processor may generate a reload ordering of two or more reload operations corresponding to the reload indicators. As specified by the reload ordering, the processor may perform the two or more reload operations at the two or more respective executable code modules. The processor may execute the updated executable code.

Abstract: A method of memory deallocation across a trust boundary between a first software component and a second software component is described. Some memory is shared between the first and second software components. An in-memory message passing facility is implemented using the shared memory. The first software component is used to deallocate memory from the shared memory which has been allocated by the second software component. The deallocation is done by: taking at least one allocation to be freed from the message passing facility; and freeing the at least one allocation using a local deallocation mechanism while validating that memory access to memory owned by data structures related to memory allocation within the shared memory are within the shared memory.

Abstract: Techniques for differential overbooking on a cloud database. These techniques may include determining a reservation amount of a multi-tenant resource for a first service of a based upon an overbooking characteristic of the first service, and determining that a total usage value of the multi-tenant resource by a plurality of services is greater than a threshold value. In addition, the techniques may include determining a service usage value of the multi-tenant resource by the first service, determining a first overage value of the first service based on the service usage value and the reservation amount, and performing a resource reclamation process over the multi-tenant resource based on the first overage value of the first service.

Abstract: A server system is provided that includes a platform server system configured to store platform map data that is geospatially referenced and includes building outline data for one or more buildings, and provide the platform map data to client computer devices. The server system further includes a tenant bounded server system including one or more processors configured to store building floorplan data for a tenant entity, and provide building floorplan data to client computer devices that are authenticated for the tenant entity. The one or more processors of the tenant bounded server system are further configured to receive a set of building floorplan data for a target building included in the platform map data, determine geospatial reference data for the set of building floorplan data by aligning the set of building floorplan data with building outline data of the target building.

Abstract: Unaligned atomic memory operations on a processor using a load-store instruction set architecture (ISA) that requires aligned accesses are performed by widening the memory access to an aligned address by the next larger power of two (e.g., 4-byte access is widened to 8 bytes, and 8-byte access is widened to 16 bytes). Data processing operations supported by the load-store ISA including shift, rotate, and bitfield manipulation are utilized to modify only the bytes in the original unaligned address so that the atomic memory operations are aligned to the widened access address. The aligned atomic memory operations using the widened accesses avoid the faulting exceptions associated with unaligned access for most 4-byte and 8-byte accesses. Exception handling is performed in cases in which memory access spans a 16-byte boundary.

Abstract: Image stylization is based on a learning network. A learning network is trained with a plurality of images and a reference image with a particular texture style. A plurality of different sub-networks of the learning network is trained, respectively. Specifically, one of the sub-networks is trained to extract one or more feature maps from the source image and transform the feature maps with the texture style applied thereon to a target image. Each of the feature maps indicates part of feature information of the source image. Another sub-network is trained to apply a specified texture style to the extracted feature maps, such that the target image generated based on the processed feature maps can embody the specified texture style.

Abstract: Methods, systems and computer program products are provided for automated runtime configuration for dataflows to automatically select or adapt a runtime environment or resources to a dataflow plan prior to execution. Metadata generated for dataflows indicates dataflow information, such as numbers and types of sources, sinks and operations, and the amount of data being consumed, processed and written. Weighted dataflow plans are created from unweighted dataflow plans based on metadata. Weights that indicate operation complexity or resource consumption are generated for data operations. A runtime environment or resources to execute a dataflow plan is/are selected based on the weighted dataflow and/or a maximum flow. Preferences may be provided to influence weighting and runtime selections.

Abstract: When encoding/decoding a current block of a current picture using intra block copy (“BC”) prediction, the location of a reference block is constrained so that it can be entirely within an inner search area of the current picture or entirely within an outer search area of the current picture, but cannot overlap both the inner search area and the outer search area. In some hardware-based implementations, on-chip memory buffers sample values of the inner search area, and off-chip memory buffers sample values of the outer search area. By enforcing this constraint on the location of the reference block, an encoder/decoder can avoid memory access operations that are split between on-chip memory and off-chip memory when retrieving the sample values of the reference block. At the same time, a reference block close to the current block may be used for intra BC prediction, helping compression efficiency.

Abstract: Pooling computing resources based on inferences about a plurality of hardware devices. The method includes identifying inference information about the plurality of devices. The method further includes based on the inference information optimizing resource usage of the plurality of hardware devices.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for task identification and tracking using shared conversational context. In one implementation, a first communication from a first user is received within a communication session. The first communication is processed to identify a first content element within the first communication. A second communication is received within the communication session. The second communication is processed to identify a second content element within the second communication. The first content element is associated with the second content element. Based on an association between the first content element and the second content element, a task is identified. An action is initiated with respect to the task.

Abstract: A computing device, including a processor configured to perform data transfer scheduling for a hardware accelerator including a plurality of processing areas. Performing data transfer scheduling may include receiving a plurality of data transfer instructions that encode requests to transfer data to respective processing areas. Performing data transfer scheduling may further include identifying a plurality of transfer path conflicts between the data transfer instructions. Performing data transfer scheduling may further include sorting the data transfer instructions into a plurality of transfer instruction subsets. Within each transfer instruction subset, none of the data transfer instructions have transfer path conflicts. For each transfer instruction subset, performing data transfer scheduling may further include conveying the data transfer instructions included in that transfer instruction subset to the hardware accelerator.

Abstract: A computerized personal assistant includes a natural language user interface, a natural language processing machine, an identity machine, and a knowledge-base updating machine. The knowledge-base updating machine is configured to update a user-centric artificial intelligence knowledge base associated with the particular user to include a new or updated user-centric fact based on the computer-readable representation of the user input, wherein the knowledge-base updating machine updates the user-centric artificial intelligence knowledge base via an update protocol useable by a plurality of different computer services.

Abstract: Provided is a system and method for providing online learning in an offline environment. In one example, the method may include receiving an authentication code of a user and a user identifier at a shared agent device that is shared by multiple users, signing, via the shared agent device, the received authentication code with a signing key that is unique to the shared agent device, authenticating, via the shared agent device, the user with a host platform based on the signed authentication code, and, in response to successful authentication of the user, outputting a learning session for the user based on content received from the host platform.

Abstract: According to examples, an apparatus may include a processor and a memory on which is stored machine-readable instructions that when executed by the processor, may cause the processor to receive a request for result data from a requestor and determine queries to create the result data. The processor may determine a subset of a data set based on the queries. The subset of the data set may be displayed in small multiples by the requestor. The processor may output the subset of the data set as the result data to the requestor. In some examples, the processor may receive a request for additional result data from the requestor. The processor may determine a second subset of the data set to be displayed in the small multiples and output the second subset of the data set as the additional result data to the requestor.

Abstract: A routing plane includes an authentication packaging system that receives client authentication information, as part of a request from a requesting client that is to be routed to a target service. The authentication packaging system combines the authentication information with assertion information indicative of an assertion as to the identity of the routing plane, using an entropy, such as a signing key. The authentication package is attached to the request and is sent to the target service. The target service validates the authentication package based on the entropy and authenticates the routing plane based on the assertion information and performs authentication processing based on the authentication information.

Abstract: Described are examples for streaming content at a device. One or more environmental parameters can be determined for the device. One or more parameters for receiving streaming content via one or more streaming servers over one or more network connections can be modified based on the one or more environmental parameters. The streaming content can be received based at least in part on the one or more streaming parameters.

Abstract: Non-limiting examples of the present disclosure describe a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture configured to evaluate conversational relevance of query-response pairs. A CNN model is provided that can include a first branch, a second branch, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) layers. The first branch includes convolutional layers with dynamic pooling to process a query. The second branch includes convolutional layers with dynamic pooling to process candidate responses for the query. The query and the candidate responses are processed in parallel using the CNN model. The MLP layers are configured to rank query-response pairs based on conversational relevance.

Abstract: Network capacity is provisioned in a computing environment comprising a computing service provider and an edge computing network. A cost function is applied to usage data for a number of user endpoints at the edge computing network, a number and type of workloads at the edge computing network, offload capability of the edge computing network, and resource capacities at the edge computing network. An estimated network capacity is determined, where the workloads are dynamic, and the cost function is usable to optimize the network capacity with respect to one or more criteria.

Abstract: In the present disclosure, a collaborative workspace fosters content creation between users in a synchronous and/or asynchronous manner by enabling automatic generation and management of collaborative media objects that automatically combine content from a plurality of users into a single media object. This is extremely beneficial in technical scenarios where users are creating projects, assignments, presentations, etc., by removing the need for users to manually stitch together and combine content to create a final product. For example, the collaborative workspace is adapted for a video discussion application/service, where users create one or more video clips (e.g., video feeds, live video feeds) in response to a posted topic. In at least one instance, a collaborative workspace for a video discussion application/service may be integrated to display within another type of application/service. However, the present disclosure is extensible to work with any type of application/service and any content type.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable storage devices are disclosed for improved real-time audio processing. One method including: constructing a deep neural network model, including a plurality of at least one-bit neurons, configured to output a predicted label of audio data, the plurality of at least one-bit neurons arranged in a plurality of layers, including at least one hidden layer, and being connected by a plurality of connections, each connection having at least a one-bit weight, wherein one or both of the plurality of at least one-bit neurons and the plurality of connections have a reduced bit precision; receiving a training data set, the training data set including audio data; training the deep neural network model using the training data set; and outputting a trained deep neural network model configured to output a predicted label of real-time audio data.

Abstract: Mobile devices are provisioned that do not have a direct communications path to a data network. A proximate device is discovered that is available for connecting to the mobile device via a peer-to-peer connection. The proximate device is determined to be trusted by the mobile device and usable to communicate to the data network A peer-to-peer connection is established with the proximate device. Identification data is provided to the proximate device, and an activation code is received. The mobile device communicates to the mobile network operator indicated by the activation code. Subscription credentials are received for accessing a mobile network operated by the mobile network operator.

Abstract: A method for secure key exchange. The method comprises receiving a request to certify a key from a communication partner at an interface between an access and tamper resistant circuit block and exposed circuitry. Within the access and tamper resistant circuit block, a first random private key is generated. A corresponding public key of the first random private key is derived, and a cryptographic digest of the public key and attributes associated with the first random private key is generated. The generated cryptographic digest is signed using a second random private key that has been designated for signing by one or more associated attributes. The public key and the signature are then sent to the communication partner via the interface.

Abstract: Generally discussed herein are devices, systems, and methods for improving phishing webpage content detection. A method can include identifying first webpage content comprises phishing content, determining, using a reinforcement learning (RL) agent, at least one action, generating, based on the determined at least one action and the identified first webpage content, altered first webpage content, identifying that the altered first webpage content is benign, generating, based on the determined at least one action and second webpage content, altered second webpage content, and training, based on the altered second webpage content and a corresponding label of phishing, a phishing detector.

Abstract: Innovations in use of chroma quantization parameter (“QP”) offsets when determining a control parameter for deblock filtering. For example, as part of encoding, an encoder sets a picture-level chroma QP offset and slice-level chroma QP offset for encoding of a slice of a picture. The encoder also performs deblock filtering of at least part of the slice, where derivation of a control parameter considers only the picture-level chroma QP offset. The encoder outputs at least part of a bitstream including the encoded content. As part of decoding, a corresponding decoder sets a picture-level chroma QP offset and a slice-level chroma QP offset for decoding of a slice of a picture, but derivation of a control parameter for deblock filtering considers only the picture-level chroma QP offset.

Abstract: The description relates to rendering directional sound. One implementation includes receiving directional impulse responses corresponding to a scene. The directional impulse responses can correspond to multiple sound source locations and a listener location in the scene. The implementation can also include encoding the directional impulse responses to obtain encoded departure direction parameters for individual sound source locations. The implementation can also include outputting the encoded departure direction parameters, the encoded departure direction parameters providing sound departure directions from the individual sound source locations for rendering of sound.

Abstract: Technologies pertaining to accounting for pulse history effects are described herein. In connection with accounting for pulse history effects, an amount of time between a first current pulse and a second current pulse that are to be transmitted to a pulsed laser is determined. Based upon such an amount of time, a determination is made as to whether a porch pulse is to be prepended to the second current pulse. When the porch pulse is to be prepended to the second current pulse, an amplitude and duration of the porch pulse are computed based upon the amount of time. The porch pulse is transmitted to the pulsed laser immediately followed by the second current pulse, wherein the porch pulse pre-charges the pulsed laser for emitting a pulse of light based upon the second current pulse.

Abstract: A system for enabling spatializing audio data is provided. The system analyzes audio data to identify when to generate spatialized audio data. The system can receive incoming audio data including a plurality of channel-based audio signals as well as object-based audio. The system performs an analysis of the audio data and/or metadata associated with the audio data to determine when to generate the spatialized audio data. The system can identify one or more categories associated with the audio data (e.g., stereo, mono, game effect, . . . ) and use the category to determine whether to spatialize the audio data or not spatialize the audio data.

Abstract: The devices and methods relate to web categorization of web requests. The devices and methods may perform a two-step classification of the web requests. The first classification may provide potential web categories for web request based on a fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the web request. The first classification may be used to determine whether transport layer security (TLS) termination may be performed on the web request. The second classification may provide a web category for a uniform resource locator (URL) of the web request after performing the TLS termination. The web category may be used by a firewall in filtering web traffic for the web request.

Abstract: A computing device includes a cooling device and a cooling activity monitor configured to assess a cooling activity of the cooling device. A cooling activity reporter is configured to, based at least in part on the cooling activity of the cooling device crossing a predefined cooling activity threshold, communicate a cooling activity indication to a resource manager of the computing device.

Abstract: This document relates to creating and/or updating a chatbot using a graphical user interface. For example, training dialogs for a chatbot can be displayed in a tree form on a graphical user interface. Based at least on interactions between a developer and the graphical user interface, the training dialogs can be modified in the tree form, and training dialogs can be updated based on the modifications provided on the tree form via the graphical user interface.

Abstract: Techniques for coding and deriving (e.g., determining) one or more coded-block-flags associated with video content are described herein. A coded-block-flag of a last node may be determined when coded-block-flags of preceding nodes are determined to be a particular value and when a predetermined condition is satisfied. In some instances, the predetermined condition may be satisfied when log2(size of current transform unit) is less than log2(size of maximum transform unit) or log2(size of current coding unit) is less than or equal to log2(size of maximum transform unit)+1. The preceding nodes may be nodes that precede the last node on a particular level in a residual tree.