Huaihua
27°34′11″N 110°00′06″E / 27.5698°N 110.0016°E
Huaihua
怀化市 | |
|---|---|
South Renmin Road, Hecheng Mazu Temple, Zhijiang County | |
 Location of Huaihua City jurisdiction in Hunan | |
  Huaihua Location of the city centre in Hunan | |
| Coordinates (Yingfeng Park (迎丰公园)): 27°33′39″N 109°59′08″E / 27.5608°N 109.9856°E | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hunan |
| Municipal seat | Hecheng District |
| Area | |
| 27,600 km2 (10,700 sq mi) | |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 64.00 km2 (24.71 sq mi) |
| • Districts[1] | 722.8 km2 (279.1 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| 5,235,200 | |
| • Density | 190/km2 (490/sq mi) |
| • Urban (2017)[1] | 623,800 |
| • Urban density | 9,700/km2 (25,000/sq mi) |
| • Districts[1] | 855,000 |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 187.8 billion US$ 27.8 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 35,865 US$ 5,333 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HN-12 |
| Website | www |
Huaihua (simplified Chinese: 怀化市; traditional Chinese: 懷化市; pinyin: Huáihuà Shì) is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Hunan province, China. It is known as the "Western Gate" of Hunan and is the largest prefecture-level city in the province.[3]It covers 27,564 km2 (10,643 sq mi) and is bordered by Xiangxi to the northwest, Zhangjiajie and Changde to the north, Yiyang, Loudi and Shaoyang to the east, Guilin and Liuzhou of Guangxi to the south, and Qiandongnan and Tongren of Guizhou to the southwest. It has a population of 4,741,948 (2010 census), accounting for 7.22% of the provincial population.[4][5] According to the 2010 Census, 2,909,574 people, or 61.4% of the population, are Han Chinese. Minorities constitute 38.6% of the population, with 1,832,289 people. The Dong, Miao, Tujia, Yao and Bai are major native minority groups.[6] Huaihua is the central region of the Dong ethnic population, home to nearly 28.35% of the Chinese Dong ethnic group.[7]
Huaihua is located in the center of the border area of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Guizhou and Guangxi provinces. It is at the core intersection of a cross on the map of China and is known as the "Gateway to Guizhou and Yunnan" and the "Throat of the Whole Chu".[8]
Huaihua is very mountainous, being located between the Wuyi and Xuefeng mountain ranges. The Yuan river runs from the south to the north. The forest coverage reached 70.8% in 2015.[9]
Administration
[edit]- Hecheng District (鹤城区)
- Hongjiang city (洪江市)
- Hongjiang District (洪江管理区)
- Yuanling County (沅陵县)
- Chenxi County (辰溪县)
- Xupu County (溆浦县)
- Zhongfang County (中方县)
- Huitong County (会同县)
- Mayang Miao Autonomous County (麻阳苗族自治县)
- Xinhuang Dong Autonomous County (新晃侗族自治县)
- Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County (芷江侗族自治县)
- Jingzhou Miao and Dong Autonomous County (靖州苗族侗族自治县)
- Tongdao Dong Autonomous County (通道侗族自治县)
| Map |
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Geography and economy
[edit]
Huaihua lies in the mountainous west of Hunan, south-east of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, and shares the same mountain belt. [10]Railroads are major means of transportation in the region, and an airport was opened in 2004.
Huaihua is home to the Second Artillery Corps Base 55, which is charged with maintaining ICBMs. [1][2] The nuclear assets at Huaihua are intended for small-scale nuclear conflicts [3] (with a limited, but nuclear, exchange), as well as the ability to strike Guam, one of only two B-2 bases.
Climate
[edit]Huaihua City is located in the southwest of Hunan Province, between the Xuefeng Mountain Range and the Wuling Mountain Range. It is mainly mountainous, with many mountains in the east and west and valley plains and hilly areas in the middle. It has a mid-subtropical humid monsoon climate, with a mild climate without long hot days in summer and long frost in winter.[11]Huaihua has long, hot, oppressive, wet and mostly cloudy summers and short, very cold and partly cloudy winters. Temperatures typically range from 1°C to 32°C over the course of the year, rarely falling below -3°C or rising above 34°C.[12]The annual average temperature is 16.8℃, the average temperature in January is 4.4℃, and the average temperature in July is 28.5℃. The annual average precipitation is about 1,600 mm.[13]
| Climate data for Huaihua, elevation 260 m (850 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1991–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 24.7 (76.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
34.2 (93.6) |
34.9 (94.8) |
36.2 (97.2) |
37.1 (98.8) |
39.4 (102.9) |
40.0 (104.0) |
37.7 (99.9) |
35.9 (96.6) |
30.8 (87.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
40.0 (104.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.1 (46.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.5 (61.7) |
22.8 (73.0) |
26.7 (80.1) |
29.8 (85.6) |
33.2 (91.8) |
33.1 (91.6) |
28.9 (84.0) |
22.8 (73.0) |
17.0 (62.6) |
10.9 (51.6) |
21.8 (71.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) |
7.5 (45.5) |
12.0 (53.6) |
17.7 (63.9) |
21.9 (71.4) |
25.4 (77.7) |
28.6 (83.5) |
27.8 (82.0) |
23.8 (74.8) |
18.2 (64.8) |
12.7 (54.9) |
7.1 (44.8) |
17.3 (63.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) |
4.9 (40.8) |
8.9 (48.0) |
14.1 (57.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
22.2 (72.0) |
25.0 (77.0) |
24.1 (75.4) |
20.3 (68.5) |
15.1 (59.2) |
9.9 (49.8) |
4.5 (40.1) |
14.2 (57.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.5 (23.9) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
4.0 (39.2) |
10.8 (51.4) |
16.3 (61.3) |
18.2 (64.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 66.4 (2.61) |
74.3 (2.93) |
113.0 (4.45) |
129.1 (5.08) |
217.4 (8.56) |
268.8 (10.58) |
164.3 (6.47) |
100.5 (3.96) |
94.5 (3.72) |
74.7 (2.94) |
80.6 (3.17) |
47.8 (1.88) |
1,431.4 (56.35) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 13.7 | 14.6 | 17.2 | 16.3 | 16.7 | 14.7 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 11.4 | 12.3 | 11.6 | 159.1 |
| Average snowy days | 4.3 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 8.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 46.1 | 51.9 | 76.2 | 104.2 | 117.9 | 123.0 | 210.5 | 202.4 | 135.7 | 104.1 | 84.6 | 70.3 | 1,326.9 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 14 | 16 | 20 | 27 | 28 | 30 | 50 | 50 | 37 | 30 | 26 | 22 | 29 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[14][15] | |||||||||||||
Government
[edit]The current CPC Party Secretary of Huaihua is Peng Guofu and the current mayor is Lei Shaoye.
Transportation
[edit]
Huaihua is located at a major railway node and its economy has historically benefited from the concentration of railways meeting in the city. Five major railways, the Shanghai–Kunming railway, the Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway, the Jiaozuo–Liuzhou railway, the Chongqing–Huaihua railway, and the Zhangjiajie–Huaihua high-speed railway intersect in the city. Through these railways Huaihua has connections to almost all major Chinese cities. Passenger trains are served by the Huaihua railway station.[16] Huaihua South railway station meanwhile is served by high-speed trains.[17]
A rail freight handling station, Huaihua West, was opened on 31 January 2021.[18]
Huaihua is on the route of G65 Baotou-Maoming Expressway, which connects it with Chongqing to the northwest. It is also on the route of G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway, which connects it with Guiyang to the west, and Changsha to the east. Other roads that run through the city include China National Highway 209 and China National Highway 320.
By air, Huaihua is served by Huaihua Zhijiang Airport, located some 31 kilometers from the city proper in the Zhijiang Dong Autonomous County.[19]By 2025, Huaihua Zhijiang Airport is expected to handle a passenger throughput of 1.1 million.[20]
Notable people
[edit]- Cai Xukun, singer-songwriter, dancer and actor
- Cheng Yi, actor and singer
- Jackson Yee, actor, singer, and dancer
- Shu Junrong, slalom canoeist
- Su Yu, military commander and politician
- Xia Da, manhua artist
- Xiang Jingyu, feminist politician
- Zhou Fohai, politician; collaborationist with Imperial Japan
- Nancy Xu, (Xu YouJie) dancer and choreographer on Strictly Come Dancing
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, ed. (2019). China Urban Construction Statistical Yearbook 2017. Beijing: China Statistics Press. p. 68. Archived from the original on 18 June 2019. Retrieved 11 January 2020.
- ^ "2022年湖南省各市州地区生产总值（三季度".
- ^ "怀化市-湖南简况（Huaihua City-Hunan Province)". www.hunan.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ Huaihua Census 2010 Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine and Hunan Census 2010 Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ xzqh.org: Huaihua introduction, also see Huaihua Yearbook 2015
- ^ Ethnic group Analysis of Huaihua Census 2010 (2012-11-30)
- ^ According to China census 2010, there is 2,879,974 Dong ethnic population; Huaihua lives 816,481 population of Dong ethnic group[permanent dead link], it shares 28.35% of Chinese Dong people.
- ^ "湖南怀化：走出生态产品价值实现新路径_国家林业和草原局政府网". www.forestry.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ the forest coverage in 2015 is according to 2015 Statistical Report on National Economy and Social Development of Huaihua
- ^ Ma, Xue-feng; Zhao, Jie (2024). "The common prosperity effect and model of mountain tourism resource development: Taking the Western Hunan Area as an example". JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES. 39 (4): 749. doi:10.31497/zrzyxb.20240401. ISSN 1000-3037.
- ^ "怀化 - 气象数据 -中国天气网". www.weather.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ "a - cloudiness 10 points; b - clearly; c - partly cloudy". doi.org. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ "怀化 - 气象数据 -中国天气网". www.weather.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
- ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
- ^ "怀化市鹤中综合交通一体化实施方案 - 市交通运输局". www.huaihua.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ "40367人次！怀化高铁南站日发送人数创历史新高 - 怀化市人民政府". www.huaihua.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ "新怀化西货场惊艳登场， 为大湘西改革发展按下"快进键"" [New Huaihua West cargo market amazing debut, for the reform and development of Daxiang West press the "fast-forward key"]. 高铁网 (in Chinese). 4 February 2021. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ "怀化-国内机场-中国南方航空公司". www.csair.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
- ^ "怀化芷江机场分公司 - 湖南机场官方网站（Huaihua Zhijiang Airport Branch - Hunan Airport Official Website）". www.hunanairport.cn. Retrieved 2025-06-10.
External links
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| National | |
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| Geographic | |
