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List of Romanian military equipment of World War II

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This is a list of World War II military equipment used by Romania.

Local equipment

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This includes only locally designed and produced equipment.

Combat vehicles

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Aircraft

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SET 7K
IAR 80 formation
IAR 37

All of the aircraft listed below were completed before the end of World War II. Prototypes are omitted from the list. Unless specified otherwise, all aircraft machine guns have the caliber of 7.92 mm. All of the data is sourced from:[1]

JRS-79B
Model Type Number Armament
SET 7K Training, communication, observation 20 2 x Lewis guns (twin mount)
SET 7KB Reconnaissance and observation 20 2 x Lewis guns (twin mount)
1 x Vickers machine gun
6 x 12 kg bombs
SET 7KD Communication 20 1 x Lewis gun
IAR 37 Light bomber 50 4 x Browning machine guns
12 x 50 kg bombs
IAR 38 Reconnaissance and artillery spotting 75 3 x Browning machine guns
24 x 12 kg bombs
IAR 39 Reconnaissance and light bomber 255 3 x Browning machine guns
24 x 12 kg bombs
IAR 80 Fighter 49 4 x FN Browning machine guns
IAR 80A Fighter 85 6 x FN Browning machine guns
IAR 80B Fighter 55 2 x 13.2 mm FN Browning heavy machine guns
4 x FN Browning machine guns
IAR 80C Fighter 60 2 x 20 mm Ikaria autocannons
4 x FN Browning machine guns
IAR 81 Fighter and dive bomber 50 6 x FN Browning machine guns (4 for 10 of them)
2 x 13.2 mm FN Browning heavy machine gun (10 of them)
1 x 225 bomb
2 x 50 kg bombs
IAR 81C Fighter 150 2 x 20 mm MG 151 autocannons
2 x FN Browning machine guns
Werfer-Granate 21 (1)
JRS-79B Bomber 36 5 x machine guns
1,575 kg of bombs
JRS-79B1 Bomber 31 1 x 20 mm Ikaria autocannon
7 x machine guns
1,400 kg of bombs

Armored fighting vehicles

[edit]
Mareșal prototype
TACAM R-2
TACAM T-60

All of the data is sourced from:[2]

Model Type Number Armament
TACAM T-60 Tank destroyer 34 converted from captured

T-60s

1 x 76.2 mm M-1936 F-22
1 x 7.92 mm ZB-53 machine gun
1 x submachine gun
TACAM R-2 Tank destroyer 21 converted from

Panzer 35(t)s

1 x 76.2 mm M-1936 F-22 (1)
1 x 76.2 mm ZIS-3 (20)
1 x 7.92 mm ZB-53 machine gun
Vânătorul de care R35 Tank destroyer/light tank 30 converted from R35s 1 x 45 mm 20K mod. 1932–34 tank gun
Mareșal Tank destroyer 6 prototypes 1 x 122 mm M1910/30 howitzer (4)
1 x 75 mm DT-UDR (2)
1 x 7.92 mm ZB-53 machine gun

Warships

[edit]
The launching of Marsuinul

Data for the monitors sourced from:[3] and for the rest of the warships from:[4]

Class Type Ships Armament (artillery, torpedoes, mines)
Brătianu-class River monitor Ion C. Brătianu
Alexandru Lahovari
Lascăr Catargiu
Mihail Kogălniceanu		 3 x 120 mm naval guns
1 x 76 mm AA gun
2 x 47 mm light naval guns
Amiral Murgescu Minelayer and escort Amiral Murgescu 2 x 105 mm naval/AA guns
2 x 37 mm AA guns
4 x 20 mm AA guns
135 x mines
Marsuinul Submarine Marsuinul 1 x 105 mm deck gun
1 x 37 mm AA gun
6 x 533 mm torpedo tubes
Rechinul Submarine Rechinul 1 x 20 mm AA
4 x 533 mm torpedo tubes
40 x mines

Individual weapons

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Orița M1941
Model Type Number Notes
Orița M1941 submachine gun 6,000 Number produced until October 1943[5]
Argeș flamethrower
15.2 mm Model 1943 anti-tank rifle 1 Prototype made in 1943[5]

Artillery

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Reșița Model 1942 mortar
Model Type Number Notes
75 mm Reșița Model 1943 field/anti-tank gun 375 Number produced until December 1944 (including 3 prototypes)[6]
120 mm Reșița Model 1942 mortar 12+ Number produced until 1944[7]

Other

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Bungescu fire director
  • Bungescu AA fire director[5]
  • Costinescu 6.6 kg 75 mm armor-piercing shell[8]
  • T-1 tractor – 5 prototypes[5]

Table of orders and deliveries for the land forces

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75 mm Reșița Model 1943

Data from:[9]

Model Type Numbers ordered Numbers produced Percentage produced
from the order
Orița M1941 Submachine gun 45,000 6,000 (Oct. 1943) 13.3%
75 mm Reșița Model 1943 Field/anti-tank gun 1,100 375 (Dec. 1944) 34%
Malaxa UE carrier Artillery tractor 300 126 42%
TACAM T-60 Tank destroyer 34 34 converted 100%
TACAM R-2 Tank destroyer 40 21 converted 52.5%
Vânătorul de care R35 Tank destroyer/light tank 30 30 converted 100%
Mareșal Tank destroyer 1,000 6 prototypes 0.6%
T-1 tractor Artillery tractor 1,000 5 prototypes 0.5%

Foreign equipment

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This includes equipment produced in other countries as well as license production.

Combat vehicles

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Aircraft

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He 111H
Ju 88D
Bf 109E
IAR-produced PZL P.11f
Model Type Number Notes
Bloch MB.210 Medium bomber 10 Purchased from France
Bristol Blenheim Mk. I Light bomber/reconnaissance 40 Purchased from the United Kingdom. Three ex-Yugoslav aircraft bought from Germany.
Dornier Do 17M Reconnaissance/bomber 10 Purchased from Germany
Focke-Wulf Fw 189A-2 Reconnaissance 2 Purchased from Germany
Focke-Wulf Fw 58 Transport/Trainer 34 Purchased from Germany
Hawker Hurricane Mk. I Fighter 15 Purchased from the United Kingdom. Three ex-Yugoslav aircraft bought from Germany.
Heinkel He 111E Bomber 10 Purchased from Germany
Heinkel He 111H Bomber 42 Purchased from Germany
Heinkel He 112B-1/B-2 Fighter 30 Purchased from Germany
Henschel Hs 129B-2 Attack 40+ Purchased from Germany
Junkers Ju 86E Reconnaissance 12 Purchased from Germany
Junkers Ju 87D-3/D-5 Dive bomber 90+ Purchased from Germany
Junkers Ju 88A Bomber 69+ Purchased from Germany
Junkers Ju 88D Reconnaissance 19+ Purchased from Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 109E Fighter 69 Purchased from Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 109F Fighter 7 Purchased from Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 109G Fighter 200+ Purchased from Germany, also assembled locally
Messerschmitt Bf 110C Night fighter/heavy fighter 12 Purchased from Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 110E Night fighter/heavy fighter 2 Purchased from Germany
Messerschmitt Bf 110F Night fighter/heavy fighter 9 Purchased from Germany
Potez 543 Bomber 10 Purchased from France
Potez 631 & 633 Reconnaissance/bomber 53 Ex-French aircraft received from Germany
PZL P.11b Fighter 50 Purchased from Poland
PZL P.11f Fighter 95 Purchased from Poland, also produced under license
PZL P.24E Fighter 30 Purchased from Poland, also produced under license
Savoia-Marchetti SM.79B Bomber 24 Purchased from Italy

Captured aircraft

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Main articles: List of aircraft of the Romanian Air Force § Interned, and List of aircraft of the Romanian Air Force § Captured_2

Armored fighting vehicles

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Column of R-2s led by a T-3
R-1 tanks
T-4 (J variant)

Data is sourced from:[10]

Model Type Number Notes
Tanks and tankettes
Renault FT Light tank 78 Purchased from France in 1919
R-1 Light tank/tankette 36 Modified Czech AH-IV
R-2 Light tank 152 Purchased from Czechoslovakia, later received from Germany as well.
Renault R35 Light tank 75 Purchased from France, 34 interned from Poland
T-3 Medium tank 12 Designation for the German Panzer III, Panzer III Ausf. N used
T-4 Medium tank 141+ Designation for the German Panzer IV, Panzer IV Ausf. G, H and J used. Some supplied by the USSR after August 1944 as well.
T-38 Light tank 75 Designation for the Czechoslovak LT vz. 38 (German Panzer 38(t)), received from Germany
Assault guns
TAs Assault gun 104+ Designation for the German Sturmgeschütz III. Some supplied by the USSR after August 1944 as well.
Armored cars
Autoblinda AB41 Armored car 8 Italian armored cars purchased from Germany
Sd.Kfz. 222 Armored car 50+ Received from Germany
Sd.Kfz. 250 Half-track armoured personnel carrier 28+ Received from Germany.
Sd.Kfz. 251 Half-track armoured personnel carrier Unknown Received from Germany. At least one Sd.Kfz. 251/9 with a 7.5 cm gun also used.

Captured armored fighting vehicles

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Romanian captured Zrínyi assault gun

Data sourced from:[10]

Model Type Origin Number Notes
Tanks and tankettes
T-27 Tankette USSR 2 Captured in 1941
TKS Tankette Poland 52 Interned in October 1939
BT-7 Light cavalry tank USSR 32 Captured in 1941
M3A1 Stuart Light tank United States 21+ Captured from the USSR
Panzer II Light tank Germany 2 Captured in late August 1944
T-26 Light tank USSR 33 Captured in 1941
T-37A Amphibious light tank USSR 19+ Captured in 1941
T-38 Amphibious light tank USSR 3+ Captured in 1941
T-40 Amphibious light tank USSR 1 At least one captured
T-60 Light tank USSR 30+ Captured in 1941
38M Toldi Light tank Hungary Unknown Some captured in 1944. Reported as unserviceable.
M3 Lee Medium tank United States 4 Captured from the USSR
T-28 Medium tank USSR 2+ Several captured in 1941, two still in service by November 1942
T-34 Medium tank USSR 6+ Several captured, two reported in service in 1942 and a further four captured in 1944. All T-34/76 models.
40M Turán Medium tank Hungary Unknown Some captured in 1944. Reported as unserviceable.
Valentine Mk. III Infantry tank United Kingdom 4 Captured from the USSR
Vickers Infantry tank United Kingdom 19 Unspecified "Vickers" tanks captured from the USSR
IS-2 Heavy tank USSR 1 Captured in the summer of 1944
KV-1 Heavy tank USSR 2 One captured in 1942, another in 1944
Tiger I Heavy tank Germany 2 Captured in late August 1944
Tank destroyers
Hetzer Tank destroyer Germany 2 Captured in the fall of 1944
Assault guns
ISU-152 Assault gun USSR 1 Captured in the summer of 1944
43M Zrínyi Assault gun Hungary 1 Captured in the fall of 1944
Armored cars
BA-6
BA-10
BA-20
BA-27		 Armored car USSR 103+ Various Soviet BA series armored cars captured
OA vz. 27 Armored car Czechoslovakia 3 Interned in March 1939
OA vz. 30 Armored car Czechoslovak 10 Interned in March 1939

Warships

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NMS Ardeal, interwar period
NMS Regina Maria in 1944
NMS Delfinul

Data sourced from:[11]

Class Type Ships Notes
Regele Ferdinand-class Destroyer Regele Ferdinand
Regina Maria		 Built in Italy
Vifor-class Destroyer Mărăști
Mărășești		 Built in Italy
Friponne-class[12] Gunboat Dumitrescu
Ghiculescu
Lepri
Stihi		 Built in France, purchased in 1920
Delfinul Submarine Delfinul Built in Italy
CB-class Midget submarine CB-1
CB-2
CB-3
CB-4
CB-6		 Built in Italy, received in 1943
Temes-class River monitor Ardeal Ex-SMS Temes
Enns-class River monitor Basarabia Ex-SMS Inn
Sava-class River monitor Bucovina Ex-SMS Sava

Individual weapons

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Steyr M1912 pistol displayed next to an M39 Helmet

Data sourced from:[13][14]

Model Image Caliber Origin Notes
Pistols and revolvers
Beretta M1934 9mm Scurt Italy
Walther PP 7.65mm Browning Germany
Walther PPK 7.65mm Browning Germany
Walther P38 9mm Parabellum Germany
Luger Model 1908 9mm Parabellum Germany
Steyr M1912 9mm Steyr Austria-Hungary
Browning Model 1910/22 9mm Scurt Belgium Designation for the FN Model 1910
TT pistol 7.62mm Tokarev USSR
Nagant M1895 7.62×38mmR Russia
Rifles
ZB rifle 7.92mm Mauser Czechoslovakia Designation for the vz. 24 rifle. Standard service rifle.
Mauser Model 1898 7.92mm Mauser Germany Designation for the Gewehr 98
Karabiner 98k 7.92mm Mauser Germany 27,000 received from Germany in 1943[15]
Mannlicher M1893 6.5×53mmR Austria-Hungary Reserve use
Mannlicher M1895 8mm Mannlicher Austria-Hungary Reserve use
Mosin-Nagant Model 1891/30 7.62×54mmR Russia Also modified locally into carbines
Assault rifles
StG 44 7.92mm Kurz Germany Also designated MP 43
Submachine guns
Beretta Model 38 9mm Parabellum Italy Model 38A and 38/42 used
MP 18 9mm Parabellum Germany Designated as Pistolul mitralieră Schmeisser Model 18 I
MP 28 9mm Parabellum Germany Designated as Pistolul mitralieră Schmeisser Model 28 II
MP 40 9mm Parabellum Germany Designated as Pistolul mitralieră Schmeisser Model 1940
MP 41 9mm Parabellum Germany Designated as Pistolul mitralieră Schmeisser Model 1941
Mauser C96 7.63mm Mauser Germany Designated as Pistolul mitralieră Mauser
PPD-40 7.62mm Tokarev USSR
PPSh-41 7.62mm Tokarev USSR
PPSh-43 7.62mm Tokarev USSR
Light machine guns
ZB vz. 30 7.92mm Mauser Czechoslovakia/Romania Standard light machine gun, also produced under license
MG 34 7.92mm Mauser Germany
MG 42 7.92mm Mauser Germany
DP machine gun 7.62×54mmR USSR
Heavy machine guns
ZB-53 7.92mm Mauser Czechoslovakia Standard heavy machine gun
Schwarzlose machine gun 8mm Mannlicher
7.92mm Mauser		 Austria-Hungary Both original 8mm caliber and in 7.92mm Mauser local conversion. Also used in anti-aircraft role.
Ckm wz. 30 7.92×57mm Poland Imported through the Sepewe company before the war.[16]
Maxim Model 1910 7.62×54mmR Russia
M1895 Colt–Browning 7.62×54mmR USA
Flamethrowers
Pignone Model 1937 – Italy
Flammenwerfer 35 – Germany
Mittlerer Flammenwerfer 39 – Germany
Anti-tank weapons
Panzerfaust – Germany
Panzerschreck 88mm Germany

Artillery

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105mm Schneider 1936 guns towed by Škoda trucks
47mm Schneider M1936 guns towed by Malaxa UE carriers

Data sourced from:[17][7]

Model Image Caliber Origin Notes
Mortars
Brandt Mle 1935 60mm France/Romania Also produced under license at the Voina Works in Brașov
Brandt Mle 27/31 81mm France/Romania Produced under license at the Voina Works in Brașov
Anti-tank guns
Puteaux Model 1937 25mm France
Bofors Model 1936 37mm Sweden/Poland More than 556 guns purchased from Germany
M-42 45mm USSR Both captured and supplied by the USSR
Breda Model 1935 47mm Austria/Italy
Böhler Model 1935 47mm Austria
Schneider M1936 [ro] 47mm France/Romania Purchased from France, also produced under license
Pak 38 50mm Germany
Pak 97/38 75mm Germany
Pak 40 75mm Germany
Field guns
Putilov 1902/36 75mm Russia WW1-era guns refurbished at the Reșița Works
Krupp Model 1903 75mm Germany WW1-era gun
Puteaux Model 1897 75mm France WW1-era guns refurbished at the Reșița Works
Škoda Model 1928 75mm Czechoslovakia
Škoda Model 1915 104mm Austria-Hungary 14 guns taken after WW1
Schneider Model 1913 105mm France 32 guns purchased in 1940 from Germany
Schneider Model 1936 105mm France 132 guns delivered before WW2.
Howitzers
Škoda Model 1914 100mm Austria-Hungary 220 taken after WW1, 140 in service by the start of WW2
Škoda Model 1930/34 100mm Czechoslovakia 62 batteries (248 pieces) purchased from Czechoslovakia in 1935.
Krupp Model 1898/1909 105mm Germany 54 howitzers taken from Germany after WW1, refurbished in the 1930s to fire the Romanian Krupp shells.
Krupp Model 1912 105mm Germany/Romania WW1-era howitzer
Krupp Model 1916 105mm Germany 64 howitzers taken from Germany after WW1
Krupp Model 1918/40 105mm Germany Received in 1943
Škoda Model 1914/16 150mm Austria-Hungary Taken after WW1, 24 in service at the start of WW2
Škoda Model 1934 150mm Czechoslovakia 45 batteries (180 pieces) purchased from Czechoslovakia in 1935.
Mountain artillery
Škoda Model 1915 75mm Austria-Hungary 72 guns in service at the start of WW2
Schneider Model 1902/04 76mm France WW1-era gun, refurbished in the 1930s
Schneider Model 1909 76mm France WW1-era gun, refurbished in the 1930s
Škoda Model 1916 100mm Austria-Hungary 20 guns taken after WW1
Škoda Model 1939 105mm Czechoslovakia
Coastal artillery
152mm Armstrong gun 152mm United Kingdom Originally mounted on the Vifor-class destroyers, moved to the coastal artillery equipping the Tudor battery from Tataia, and the Aurora and Vlaicu batteries from Mangalia.
120mm Saint-Chamond gun 120mm France Originally mounted on the cruiser NMS Elisabeta, moved to the Elisabeta battery from Constanța.
152.4mm Obukhov Model 1904 152.4mm Russia Equipped the Mircea battery from Capu Midia and the Tudor battery from Tataia.
Cannone da 102/35 102mm Italy Used in both coastal artillery and anti-aircraft artillery roles.
Anti-aircraft artillery
Hotchkiss Model 1931 13.5mm France
Hotchkiss Model 1939 25mm France
Oerlikon 20 mm cannon 20mm Switzerland
Gustloff Model 1938 20mm Germany Designation for the Flak 30/38
Rheinmetall Model 1939 37mm Germany/Romania Designation for the Flak 36/37, produced under license at the Astra Works in Brașov.
Bofors Model 1930 40mm Sweden Delivered from Germany
Schneider Model 1897/17 75mm France WW1-era gun
Vickers Model 1931 75mm United Kingdom/Romania Produced under license by the Reșița Works
Škoda Model 1928 76.5mm Czechoslovakia
Krupp Model 1936 88mm Germany Designation for the Flak 36

Other

[edit]
Tempo truck at a Romanian parade in Chișinău, 1942

Trucks

Model Origin Notes
Ford Marmon United States/Romania 488 Marmon-Herrington trucks assembled by Ford Româna S.A.R.[18]
Ford 3-ton United States/Romania 2,320 trucks assembled by Ford Româna S.A.R. on the locally produced Fordson 157 chassis.[18][19]
Henschel trucks Germany
Laffly S20 France
Opel Blitz Germany
Praga RV Czechoslovakia
Škoda 6 [cz] Czechoslovakia STP 6L and 6 ST 6T models[7]
Tatra 93 Czechoslovakia
Tempo trucks Germany

Half-tracks

Sd.Kfz. 9 FAMO on display at the National Military Museum in Bucharest
Model Origin Number Notes
Sd.Kfz. 9 Germany Unknown Supplied by Germany
Sd.Kfz. 10 Germany 9 Supplied by Germany for towing the Pak 38
Sd.Kfz. 11 Germany 9 Supplied by Germany for towing the Pak 40

Radars

Model Image Origin Notes
Freya Germany 3 radar stations operated by Serviciul general de Pândă si Alarmă[20][21]
Würzburg Germany 3 radar stations operated by Serviciul general de Pândă si Alarmă[20][21]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Axworthy 1995, pp. 239–272.
  2. ^ Axworthy 1995, pp. 220–235, 33.
  3. ^ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921, page 422
  4. ^ Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946, pages 359, 361, and 362
  5. ^ a b c d Axworthy 1995, p. 149.
  6. ^ Axworthy 1995, pp. 149, 235–237.
  7. ^ a b c Stroea, Adrian; Băjenaru, Gheorghe (2010). Artileria Română în date și imagini (PDF) (in Romanian). Bucharest: Editura Centrului Tehnic-Editorial al Armatei. pp. 68–111. ISBN 9786065240803. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 March 2023.
  8. ^ Axworthy 1995, p. 235.
  9. ^ Axworthy 1995, pp. 33, 149, 221–227, 235–237.
  10. ^ a b Greg Kelley; Jason Long. "Romanian Armour in World War Two". Archived from the original on 26 September 2003.
  11. ^ "Ships". worldwar2.ro. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  12. ^ "Canonierele tip „Friponne" în România". rnhs.info (in Romanian). 2018-03-18.
  13. ^ "Small arms". worldwar2.ro. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  14. ^ "The Infantry". worldwar2.ro. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  15. ^ Axworthy 1995, p. 148.
  16. ^ "ckm wz30". wojsko18-39.3ap.net (in Polish). Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2024.
  17. ^ "Artillery". worldwar2.ro. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
  18. ^ a b Mihaela Manolache (2023). "Reclamele industriei automobilului în presa românească interbelică" (PDF). Revista Bibliotecii Naționale a României. No. 45-46 (2019-2020). pp. 135–136. ISSN 3008-2390.
  19. ^ Lavinia Popica (2010). "Ford Motor Company in Romania". Muzeul Național. No. XXII. p. 133. ISSN 1015-0323.
  20. ^ a b "Cronologie radiolocație". afas.ro (in Romanian).
  21. ^ a b Vlad Enciu (25 July 2018). "Ziua Radiolocatiei, sarbatoarea militarilor care supravegheaza spatiul aerian al Romaniei! De la Serviciul General de Panda si Alarma pana la Sistemul de Aparare Aeriana Integrata NATO". impactpress.ro (in Romanian).

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Axworthy, Mark (1995). Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945. London: Arms and Armour.
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