Astronauts and Robots 2015: NASA

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The document discusses the role of robots and astronauts in potential Mars exploration, emphasizing that both will perform science tasks while the desire for adventure remains strong. It highlights the importance of pre-deployed robots to set up and maintain equipment before human arrival. Additionally, it mentions developments in wearable robotics aimed at assisting human capabilities.

Astronaut-Robot Teams
May, 2015
Dr. Rob Ambrose

Why send humans to Mars?
Bill Nye, The Planetary Science Guy

“You’ll make discoveries and you’ll have an adventure”
http://www.businessinsider.com/bill-nye-why-send-humans-to-mars-2015-4

“And even if robots become so advanced that they can
compete with a human explorer, that wouldn't change
anything, Nye said. We'd still want to explore ourselves.
Lust for adventure and the tantalizing idea that we
could discover something new would still exist.
http://www.businessinsider.com/bill-nye-why-send-humans-to-mars-2015-4

Apollo LEM carried everything for 2 crew

Pre-deployed assets for human Mars exploration
Habitat
Rover for
Resource
Transfer
Mars Ascent
Vehicle
Power

What tasks will pre-deployed
robots perform?
• Unpack landers and setup equipment.
• Initialize systems, and keep them running.
…… then patiently wait for humans to arrive.

ISS Subsystem Availability
Functions 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Overall Average
WPA 99.4 93.6 74.1 55.2 54.6 26.1 67.2
MCA 94.8 86.1 74.1 63.6 57.1 49.4 70.8
CDRA 95.8 86.8 75.3 69.0 63.4 53.9 74.0
OGA 97.2 84.0 73.4 70.3 67.9 76.1 78.2
Express 98.4 93.4 86.5 79.5 72.3 65.7 82.6
INTRAMODULE 97.9 93.8 88.6 82.2 75.7 65.5 84.0
Ku-Band 98.3 96.4 92.1 87.1 82.0 76.9 88.8
Usable Power 98.9 96.9 94.1 90.8 87.0 82.3 91.7
UPA 99.6 98.5 94.2 87.7 87.5 88.7 92.7
VES 99.0 95.3 90.1 89.5 90.2 92.3 92.7
VRS 98.9 96.7 93.9 90.5 91.3 93.5 94.1
Internal/External Video 99.7 98.9 97.2 94.5 91.6 89.0 95.1
EPS 99.9 99.8 99.7 99.2 93.9 87.6 96.7
WRM 99.0 98.0 98.1 95.5 96.6 95.3 97.1
C&T 99.8 99.3 98.6 97.5 96.5 94.7 97.7
CDRA Valves 98.9 95.7 96.2 98.4 99.6 99.7 98.1
NGTS 99.9 99.8 99.7 99.2 98.4 97.9 99.2
ITCS 99.6 99.5 99.3 99.0 98.9 99.1 99.3
Internal Power 100.0 100.0 99.8 99.5 98.7 97.6 99.3
ACS 99.5 99.5 99.2 99.1 99.1 99.3 99.3
ITCS Coldplates 99.8 99.6 99.4 99.3 99.2 99.2 99.4
SDS 99.9 99.7 99.2 99.1 99.4 99.5 99.5
TCCS 100.0 99.8 99.7 99.5 99.4 99.2 99.6
THC 100.0 99.5 99.9 99.9 98.5 99.9 99.6
AD 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.7 99.8 99.6 99.8
SD 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.7 99.9
FDS 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.8 99.8 99.9
Other 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.9
ARIS 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.9
Attitude Translation 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.7 99.9
Internal Audio 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.8 99.8 99.9
Caution & Warning 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.8 99.9 99.9
STRUCT 100.0 100.0 100.0 99.9 99.9 99.9 100.0
Berthing 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Yearly Average fA (%) by Function

Main Points
• Astronauts and robots will perform science
tasks, but let’s not forget about the
adventure.
• Robots will enable humans assets to be
pre-deployed, setup and maintained while
waiting for humans to arrive.

National Robotics Initiative (NRI)
NSF, NASA, NIH, USDA, DARPA, DOE
.
President Obama, June 2011

NASA Wearable Robotics
Development
• Robo Glove
– Worn by a human
– Reduces wrist fatigue
– Increase grip endurance
• X1 Exoskeleton
– Worn by a human
– Assist injured people
– Measurement and exercise
Partnered
with GM
Partnered
with
IHMC

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The document discusses community workshops on affordable and sustainable human exploration of Mars. It provides context for why Mars plans often "gather dust" due to high projected costs. The workshops aimed to show Mars missions could be affordable by involving stakeholders and reviewing independent design studies. Key consensus elements from the workshops included a "split mission" concept using SLS, Orion, and high-power solar electric propulsion. Priority recommendations included developing a deep-space habitation facility as a bridge between ISS and Mars, demonstrating key technologies like entry, descent and landing with a heavy robotic lander and Mars sample return mission, and closer collaboration between scientists and engineers.

Goddard 2015: Peter Marquez, Planetary ResourcesAmerican Astronautical Society

The document outlines Planetary Resources' plans and strategies for asteroid mining, highlighting the urgent need for access to resources as a key challenge for humanity. With projected growth in demand for platinum group metals and other resources, the company aims to utilize recent technological advancements to unlock economic harvesting of these assets in space. Their mission includes developing key technologies, establishing partnerships, and launching multiple spacecraft to prospect asteroids and secure valuable resources.

Goddard 2015: Matt Peterson, SAICAmerican Astronautical Society

The document discusses cutting-edge technologies presented at the 53rd Robert H. Goddard Memorial Symposium, focusing on additive manufacturing and its applications. It highlights the unique capabilities of additive manufacturing, its potential uses, and associated challenges like part qualification and material standardization. The conclusion emphasizes the optimism surrounding future technological advancements that once seemed like science fiction.

Goddard 2015: Kathy Laurini, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

The document discusses the Global Exploration Roadmap led by NASA and co-chaired by Kathy Laurini, focusing on human space exploration partnerships among various agencies, including the original 12 plus China. It notes a timeline for updates, with the next expected by mid-2016, and mentions the accompanying 'science white paper' that outlines science objectives achievable through human exploration. Overall, it emphasizes collaboration and planning for future exploration efforts.

Goddard 2015: John Mather, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

The document outlines the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and its mission, led by Dr. John Mather at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, in collaboration with international partners and contractors. It details the telescope's scientific themes, which include the birth of stars and planetary systems, origins of life, and capabilities to detect water on exoplanets. Additionally, the document discusses the telescope's design, launch details, and upcoming events related to JWST.

Goddard 2015: Robert Pearce, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

NASA's aeronautics research strategy aims to tackle long-term challenges in global mobility through innovative technologies and sustainable practices. Key initiatives include developing low-boom supersonic aircraft, low-carbon propulsion systems, and autonomous traffic management for UAS, all aimed at improving safety, efficiency, and environmental performance. Collaborations with various partners are essential for the successful implementation of these advancements in aviation.

Goddard 2015: Pamela Melroy, DARPAAmerican Astronautical Society

The DARPA briefing discusses advancements in space technology aimed at enhancing U.S. military capabilities and ensuring national security through innovative solutions such as affordable launches and space domain awareness. Key initiatives include programs like ALASA and XS-1, designed to reduce launch costs and improve access to space with air-launch capabilities and hypersonic vehicles. Furthermore, the agency emphasizes collaboration with commercial sectors and international partners to achieve agile and effective space operations.

Goddard 2015: Alexei VikhlininAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Kathy FlanaganAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Joe Cassady, Aerojet RocketdyneAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Peter Marquez, Planetary ResourcesAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Matt Peterson, SAICAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Kathy Laurini, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: John Mather, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Robert Pearce, NASAAmerican Astronautical Society

Goddard 2015: Pamela Melroy, DARPAAmerican Astronautical Society

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