Astronauts and Robots 2015: Bob Pappalardo, JPL
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The Europa Clipper mission aims to explore Jupiter's moon Europa to investigate its potential habitability, focusing on the existence of a subsurface ocean, ice shell characteristics, and surface geology. The mission involves 45 low-altitude flybys to gather data on water composition, potential geological activity, and surface hazards for a possible future lander. The planned launch period is between May 2022 and June 2022, with the spacecraft set to arrive at the Jovian system in early 2030.
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Astronauts and Robots 2015: Michael Potter, International Institute of Space ...
Astronauts and Robots 2015: Michael Potter, International Institute of Space ...American Astronautical Society
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- 2. Ingredients for Life? 2 Chemistry: Do red surface deposits tell of habitability below? Energy: Can chemical disequilibrium provide energy for life? Chemistry Energy Water Habitability Water: Are a global ocean and lakes of water hidden below the ice? Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. .
- 3. Goal: Explore Europa to investigate its habitability Objectives: • Ice Shell & Ocean: Existence and nature of water within or beneath the ice, and processes of surface-ice-ocean exchange • Composition: Distribution and chemistry of key compounds and the links to ocean composition • Geology: Characteristics and formation of surface features, including sites of recent or current activity Europa Clipper Science 3Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.
- 4. Seawater 4 Ocean characteristics: • Ocean salinity & thickness) • Gravitational tides Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology
- 5. Ice shell characteristics: • Shallow water • Ice-ocean interface • Material exchange • Heat flow variations 5Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology
- 6. Composition & chemistry: • Composition and chemistry on surface and in atmosphere • Radiation effects • Chemical and compositional pathways from the ocean 6Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology
- 7. Europa high-resolution topography: 10 m vert. Elevation model by B. Giese 7 Galileo 30 m/pixel Mosaic by P. Schenk Geological activity: • Characterize high-interest areas • Seek signs of recent activity Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. Ocean & Ice Shell • Composition • Geology
- 8. Reconnaissance for a Potential Future Lander Objectives: • Surface Characterization: Assess the distribution of surface hazards, the load- bearing capacity of the surface, the structure of the subsurface, and the regolith thickness… • Scientific Value: Assess the composition of surface materials, the geologic context of the surface, the potential for geologic activity, the proximity of near surface water, and the potential for active upwelling of ocean material… Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. 8 Reconnaissance Goal: Characterize scientifically compelling sites*, and hazards, for a potential future landed mission to Europa Lander Concept from 2012 Study *Approximately 5 km x 10 km
- 9. Innovative Mission Concept 9Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only. • Utilize multiple satellite gravity assists to enable “global-regional coverage” of Europa while in orbit around Jupiter • Current mission design consists of 45 low-altitude flybys of Europa from Jupiter orbit over 3.5 yr • Minimizes time in high radiation environment • Simple repetitive operations
- 10. Comprehensive Surface Coverage Ground tracks Permit Globally Distributed Regional Coverage 10Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only.3/4/14
- 11. Jovian Tour Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only
- 12. EVEEGA Interplanetary Trajectory EELV – (ATLAS/Delta-IV/Falcon) Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only • Launch period opens May 2022 • Earth/Venus/Earth/Earth Gravity Assist • Arrive Jovian System January, 2030 (7.5 Years)
- 13. SLS 2022 Direct-to-Jupiter Trajectory (2.73 year flight time) Direct-to-Jupiter Trajectory & Jovian Tour SLS Launch Option Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only • Launch period opens June 2022 • Arrive Jovian System March, 2025 (2.7 Years) • Tour after Jupiter orbit insertion is the same for both vehicles • The project will maintain dual launch capability through CDR
- 14. S/C Height 5.5 m Solar Array Width including booms 22 m Panels (6) 3m x 4m each ~50 sq, m cell area Flight System (Solar Configuration) Nadir Instrument Panel Avionics Vault Reaction Wheels ACS Thruster Clusters (1 of 4) Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only Conceptual Design
- 15. Europa Clipper Concept Summary Objectives: • Ocean: Existence, extent, salinity • Ice Shell: Water within or beneath; nature of surface-ice- ocean exchange • Composition: Key compounds; links to ocean composition • Geology: Surface feature formation; sites of recent or current activity • Reconnaisance: Surface characteristics at lander scales Operations Concept: • 45 low-altitude flybys from Jupiter orbit • Investigation of globally distributed regions • Simple and repetitive science operations • Minimal time in high radiation environment Validated Cost Estimate: • Aerospace validated cost: $2.1B ($FY15, w/o LV) Pre-Decisional — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only