Jump to content

Karol Nawrocki

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Karol Nawrocki
Nawrocki in 2025
President-elect of Poland
Assuming office
6 August 2025
Prime MinisterDonald Tusk
SucceedingAndrzej Duda
President of the Institute of National Remembrance
Assumed office
23 July 2021
Preceded byJarosław Szarek
Personal details
Born
Karol Tadeusz Nawrocki

(1983-03-03) 3 March 1983 (age 42)
Gdańsk, Poland
Political partyIndependent[a]
SpouseMarta Nawrocka
Children3
EducationUniversity of Gdańsk (PhD)
Gdańsk University of Technology (MBA)
Occupation
AwardsSilver Cross of Merit (Poland) Bronze Cross of Merit (Poland) Pro Patria Medal (Poland) Bene Merito honorary badge

Karol Tadeusz Nawrocki (Polish: [ˈkarɔl naˈvrɔt͡skʲi] ; born 3 March 1983) is a Polish historian and politician who is the president-elect of Poland since 1 June 2025.[1][2] Since 2021, he has been the head of the Institute of National Remembrance. He also served as the director of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk from 2017 to 2021.

Nawrocki's research focuses on staunch anticommunist opposition in Poland, organised crime in the Polish People's Republic and the history of sports. In February 2024, he was listed as one of the persons wanted by the Russian Federation on criminal charges in relation to actions pertaining to the removal of monuments commemorating the presence of the Red Army on Polish territory in the years 1944–1989.[3] On 24 November 2024, Nawrocki was announced and supported by Law and Justice (PiS) as an independent candidate for the 2025 Polish presidential election.

He finished in second behind Warsaw mayor Rafał Trzaskowski in the first round of voting with 29.54% of the vote. However, he defeated Trzaskowski in the second round held on 1 June with 50.89% of the vote. He will be inaugurated as the President of Poland on 6 August 2025.[4]

Career

[edit]

Karol Nawrocki was born on 3 March 1983, in Gdańsk, where he completed primary school and the 4th High School.[5] After passing his final exams (matura) in 2002, he graduated in 2003 from the Post-Secondary School of Business and Administration in Gdańsk with the title of Personnel Management Specialist.[5] In the same year, he began his university studies at Faculty of History at the University of Gdańsk, which he completed in 2008 with a master's degree.[6]

At the same institute, he obtained a PhD in the humanities based on his dissertation titled: Social Resistance to Communist Rule in the Elbląg Voivodeship, 1976–1989.[7][5] In 2023, he completed the International MBA in Strategy, Programme and Project Management postgraduate studies at the Gdańsk University of Technology.[8] He worked at the Institute of National Remembrance in the years 2009–2017, heading its Branch Public Education Office in Gdańsk from 2013 to 2017. He also served as the chairman of the Siedlce District Council in Gdańsk between 2011 and 2017.[7]

Nawrocki as the director of the Museum of the Second World War during a meeting with Polish diaspora in New Zealand, February 2020

In 2017, he was appointed the director of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk,[9] a job he held until 2021. He then returned to the Institute of National Remembrance, becoming its deputy president in June 2021.[10] In July 2021, he took office as the head of the Institute of National Remembrance after being elected by the Sejm and approved by the Senate of Poland.[11] Nawrocki is the author or co-author of several books as well as numerous scientific and popular science papers on anticommunist opposition, organised crime in the Polish People's Republic and the history of sports.[citation needed]

Nawrocki has used the pen name "Tadeusz Batyr" to write a book about a gangster living in 1980s communist Poland.[12] Nawrocki in 2018 went on television as Tadeusz Batyr, wearing a hat and having the television broadcast blur his face, where he said that Nawrocki "inspired me" and highlighted how Nawrocki "was the first person to examine organised crime in communist Poland".[12] Meanwhile, on social media, Nawrocki wrote that "Tadeusz Batyr contacted me for some guidance" and "thanked me for my help with an interesting book, which I recommend".[12]

2025 presidential campaign

[edit]
Nawrocki during a campaign speech at a CPAC conference near Rzeszów on 27 May 2025

He was considered as a candidate of PiS in presidential election at least from July 2024. On 24 November 2024, at the Sokół Gymnastics Society Building [pl], during a civic congress organised by Law and Justice, Nawrocki was announced by Andrzej Nowak as an independent candidate supported by the party in the 2025 presidential election.[13][14][15] He finished second in the first round held on 18 May 2025 with 29.54% of the vote, and faced Civic Platform candidate Rafał Trzaskowski in a runoff on 1 June.[16]

On 1 May 2025, Nawrocki met with Donald Trump in the Oval Office.[17][18] On 22 May 2025, Nawrocki met with Sławomir Mentzen, who placed third in the first round of the election. They reportedly discussed possible concessions that could lead to Mentzen endorsing Nawrocki.[19] Mentzen presented a set of eight points[b] for a candidate to sign onto,[20] which were signed by Nawrocki.[21][22][23] Former candidates Marek Jakubiak, Marek Woch, Grzegorz Braun and Artur Bartoszewicz endorsed Nawrocki for the runoff.[24][25][26][27] On 1 June 2025, Nawrocki won the runoff election with 50.9% of votes, beating Trzaskowski, who received 49.1% of votes.[28][29] Nawrocki's campaign's platform was described as "patriotic, pro-Christian, pro-NATO, pro-Western, and pro-Donald Trump".[30]

Controversies

[edit]

Speculation swiftly began on whether PiS would replace Nawrocki when it was revealed that he had contact with a future criminal as part of his time as a boxer two decades prior, for which he was attacked by opposing politicians.[31] Polling showed, however, that the vast plurality of people did not expect Nawrocki to be replaced.[32] Nawrocki would continue being PiS' presidential candidate going into the first round and would face further controversies about his private life. Nawrocki accused the ruling coalition of "sexualising children", demonstratively throwing a copy of the cover of Gender Queer: A Memoir into a paper shredder.[33]

At the party conference on 2 March, Nawrocki declared the election a "referendum on rejecting Tusk",[34] which would remain a theme throughout the campaign. During the course of the campaign, public criticism emerged over Nawrocki's acquisition of a second apartment from an elderly man in pre-trial detention. As Nawrocki had declared to own just one apartment during a debate, Onet publicised information about him owning a second one. The candidate proceeded to declare that he had acquired the second apartment from the elderly man for pledging lifelong care in exchange; however, it was revealed the man was placed in a state care facility without Nawrocki's involvement.[35] Amid accusations of exploitation, Nawrocki defended the deal's legality and promised to donate the property to charity.[36]

Throughout the second round, Nawrocki encountered a set of new controversies involving his personal life, beginning with the revelation that he had previously participated in a 70 vs 70 football hooligans' fight (Polish: ustawka) between fans of Lechia Gdańsk and Lech Poznań.[37] Facing criticism, he said that Prime Minister Tusk likewise participated in football hooliganism in his youth, and called the fights "noble battles".[38][39] It also came to light that Nawrocki had Chelsea F.C. and Lechia Gdańsk tattoos on his torso.[40] Further controversies about Nawrocki's personal background emerged due to allegations of him having worked as a bodyguard for prostitutes at the five-star Grand Hotel in Sopot in his youth[41][42][43][44][45] and using snus while on air during presidential debate,[46][47][48] raising allegations of his heavy nicotine addiction.[49][50]

Presidency

[edit]

Nawrocki is scheduled to be inaugurated president of Poland on 6 August 2025, succeeding Andrzej Duda.

Political views

[edit]
Nawrocki greeting US President Donald Trump, 1 May 2025

Nawrocki is considered a nonpartisan, but with a conservative outlook.[51] Nawrocki describes himself as a "representative of the broadly defined patriotic camp", and stresses that he has never belonged to a political party.[52] He considers himself "a civic candidate" that will end the "Polish-Polish war".[53] He declared that he is ready to support "any Polish government that demands the exhumation of Polish victims in Volhynia", and describes issues of history and social accountability as his "demarcation lines".[54] Euronews describes the political alignment of Nawrocki's campaign as "patriotic, pro-Christian, pro-NATO and favourable to president Donald Trump".[30]

Social issues

[edit]

Nawrocki is a Catholic with culturally conservative views and accused the ruling coalition and LGBT groups of "sexualising children", demonstratively throwing a copy of the cover of Gender Queer: A Memoir into a paper shredder during the 2025 campaign.[55][33] Nawrocki supports maintaining close ties between the Catholic Church in Poland and the Polish government, the broad criminalisation of abortion, and opposition to the legalisation of same-sex marriage, civil unions or extending legal rights to people in same-sex relationships, citing Catholic sexual ethics.[55][56] Geopolitically, he supports further strengthening Polish ties to the United States and NATO while opposing European integration.[30]

He stresses his commitment to promote Polish patriotism, Christian values and national sovereignty, and has declared the need to defend traditional social values.[57] He has stated his strong opposition to removal of crosses from state buildings.[58] He holds anti-communist views, and has criticised the Polish education system, claiming that Polish education is controlled by the "post-communist party environment". He was responsible for removing several Red Army monuments in Poland, considered a criminal act by Russia, which put him on its national wanted list. He has described cursed soldiers as national heroes of Poland and praised Law and Justice for implementing a National Remembrance Day in their honour.[57]

He declared himself an opponent of the EU's migration policy and announced his intention to terminate the EU's migration pact.[59]

Economics

[edit]

On economic matters, Nawrocki describes himself as a strong supporter of armaments and social investment programmes. In a speech in which he accepted Law and Justice's endorsement for his candidacy, Nawrocki pledged to abolish all overtime labor tax and to focus on large economic investments; he strongly supports the Central Communication Port project, and praised the Central Industrial Region and Stocznia Gdynia schemes developed in the interwar Second Polish Republic.[60] Nawrocki expressed his fascination with other large investments such as the Vistula Spit canal and Świnoujście LNG terminal, and wants to pursue similar undertakings.[61]

He supports welfare programmes and opposes adopting the Euro as Poland's currency.[62] He stresses the lack of transport in Poland and has pledged to develop rail infrastructure in underdeveloped regions of the country.[63] Nawrocki proposes to enact an additional tax on the owners of three and more apartments, with an exemption for families with children.[64]

He objected to the Tusk government's cut in healthcare contributions for businesses and stated that he would oppose any attempt to reduce healthcare funding.[65] Nawrocki also signed a list of 11 pledges, including promises to not raise the retirement age, to uphold worker protections, to defend minimum wages, to retain the ban on Sunday business activity, to promote economic patriotism, and to increase funding for the public health service and agriculture. Based on these pledges, he was endorsed by Poland's Solidarity trade union.[66] Nawrocki supports additional taxes on "digital giants operating online and targeting Polish users" and the expansion of social housing.[67]

He argues that Poland needs to achieve "full energy sovereignty". He supports nuclear energy, describing it as "the most secure and stable one". He also criticised the European Green Deal, stating that while he supports environmental protection, he opposes "climate madness at the expense of Polish homes, workers and entrepreneurs". Nawrocki also believes that Poland needs to ensure its food security and respect "the sovereignty of the Polish countryside"; he has described rural Poland as "the mainstay of Polish culture, traditions and social values".[60] He wishes to implement new policies that will combat "unfair competition" in the Polish economy.[68]

Foreign policy

[edit]
Nawrocki with George Simion and Mateusz Morawiecki, March 2025

Karol Nawrocki has emphasised in his statements that the geopolitical interest of the Polish state lies in pushing back the Russian Federation.[5] He has stated that "Russia is imperialist in its foundation whether it is white terror, red terror or modern terror".[69] According to him, the foundation of Poland's security is a strong position within NATO and a close alliance with the United States.[5] He also supports regional alliances such as the Bucharest Nine and favours expanding this format to include Sweden and Finland.[5] Nawrocki is an advocate of increasing defense spending and expanding the army to 300,000 troops. However, he opposes conscription or mandatory military training for young men.[5]

Nawrocki opposes the federalisation of the European Union and stresses the need to maintain Polish national identity within the European Union, adding that "Poland does not need a centralised state populated by EU citizens of Polish origin".[68] Nawrocki criticised what he considered to be the overly submissive policy of Donald Tusk's government toward Germany. He advocated for the restoration of a balanced and partnership-based relationship between the two countries.[5] He also demands World War II reparations from Germany for material losses and war crimes committed in occupied Poland.[5]

Nawrocki with DHS Secretary Kristi Noem, May 2025

He supports ending the Russo-Ukrainian War by a peace agreement but argues that the issue of territorial cessions should be decided by the European community as well as Ukraine itself.[69] Nawrocki opposed the deployment of Polish troops to Ukraine. He supported the normalisation of relations with Ukraine on a basis of partnership, as well as the recognition and dignified burial of Polish victims in Volhynia.[5] Nawrocki is opposed to Ukrainian membership in NATO or the European Union until Ukraine accepts responsibility for the genocide of Poles in Volhynia. He has previously denounced attempts to downplay the 1943–1945 massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia for the sake of improving Polish-Ukrainian relations.[70] He would seek to punish the glorification of Ukrainian nationalist leader Stepan Bandera.[71]

He was criticised in Israel for downplaying the role of Poles in the Holocaust.[72] Nawrocki said he would defend Poland "against all disgusting attacks" by Holocaust scholars.[73] During the election campaign, he refrained from criticising Israel.[74]

Personal life

[edit]

Karol Nawrocki is married to Marta Nawrocka (born in 1986), a graduate of the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Gdańsk and an employee of the National Revenue Administration.[75] She specialises in the control of the oil industry and combating illegal trade. Together, they have two children: son Antoni and a daughter, Katarzyna. They also raised Daniel (born in 2003), Marta Nawrocka's son from a previous relationship.[75] The couple married in 2010, and Karol Nawrocki adopted Daniel.[75]

Daniel Nawrocki studies at the Faculty of Law and Administration at the University of Gdańsk. He is involved in journalism, working for Gazeta Morska and previously for Dziennik Bałtycki. In 2023, he was appointed a member of the Youth Sports Council under the Minister of Sport. He was also a member of the Youth Council of the City of Gdańsk and now serves as a neighborhood councilor. In 2024, he ran unsuccessfully for a seat on the Gdańsk City Council as a candidate of the Law and Justice party.[76]

Honours and awards

[edit]
Country Decoration Date of issue
 Poland Silver Cross of Merit 19 October 2021[77]
Bronze Cross of Merit 4 November 2016[78]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Supported by Law and Justice
  2. ^ The declaration included commitments to not allow for:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Karol Nawrocki, Ph.D." Institute of National Remembrance. 2 June 2021. Archived from the original on 31 August 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  2. ^ "Conservative Karol Nawrocki wins Poland's presidential election". AP News. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 3 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  3. ^ "Russia puts four Poles on wanted list says Russian independent portal". Archived from the original on 16 February 2024. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
  4. ^ "Wybory prezydenckie 2025: Kiedy Karol Nawrocki zostanie Prezydentem RP? [TERMINY]". www.gazetaprawna.pl (in Polish). 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 3 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Jarzębski, Marcin. "Kim jest Karol Nawrocki? Wszystkie tajemnice kandydata" [Who is Karol Nawrocki? All the Secrets of the Candidate]. Wszystko co najważniejsze (in Polish). Archived from the original on 26 May 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  6. ^ "Dr Karol Nawrocki, a graduate of the Faculty of History of the University of Gdańsk, won the competition for the chairperson of IPN". 28 April 2021. Archived from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  7. ^ a b "Karol Nawrocki, Ph.D. President of the Institute of National Remembrance". Institute of National Remembrance. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  8. ^ "Prezes Instytutu Pamięci Narodowej". Archived from the original on 25 July 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
  9. ^ "Karol Nawrocki, PhD, reappointed as director of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk". Archived from the original on 31 October 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  10. ^ "IPN. Karol Nawrocki appointed vice-president of the Institute of National Remembrance". Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  11. ^ "Karol Nawrocki appointed new head of Institute of National Remembrance". Archived from the original on 23 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  12. ^ a b c Vernon, Will (29 March 2025). "Polish presidential candidate ridiculed for donning disguise to promote book". BBC News. Archived from the original on 29 March 2025. Retrieved 29 March 2025.
  13. ^ Polsat News (24 November 2024). "Pierwsza wypowiedź Karola Nawrockiego. Jego wejście zapowiedział syn" (in Polish). PolsatNews.pl. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  14. ^ "Niespodzianka na kongresie PiS. Znamy kandydata na prezydenta" (in Polish). Business Insider Polska. 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  15. ^ "Poland's conservative opposition party taps historian as presidential candidate". Associated Press News. 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024. Retrieved 24 November 2024.
  16. ^ "Warsaw's liberal mayor leads Polish presidential vote – exit poll". BBC. 19 May 2025. Archived from the original on 18 May 2025. Retrieved 19 May 2025.
  17. ^ Zalewski, Tomasz (2 May 2025). ""You will win". Nawrocki spotkał się z Trumpem w Białym Domu, prawica triumfuje". www.polityka.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2 May 2025. Retrieved 2 May 2025.
  18. ^ "Trump meets Polish nationalist candidate ahead of presidential election". Reuters. 2 May 2025. Archived from the original on 2 May 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  19. ^ Zygiel, Adam (20 May 2025). "Mentzen zaprasza Trzaskowskiego i Nawrockiego. Chce deklaracji". WP Wiadomości (in Polish). Archived from the original on 20 May 2025. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
  20. ^ "Osiem punktów Mentzena. Co mówili o tym Nawrocki i Trzaskowski" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 21 May 2025. Retrieved 21 May 2025.
  21. ^ Tilles, Daniel (22 May 2025). "Polish opposition presidential candidate signs far-right leader's list of demands". Archived from the original on 23 May 2025.
  22. ^ "Polish presidential candidate Nawrocki embraces hard-right demands". TVP World. Archived from the original on 23 May 2025.
  23. ^ "Wybory prezydenckie 2025. Nawrocki podpisał deklarację u Mentzena" (in Polish). 22 May 2025. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
  24. ^ ""Sprawa oczywista". Jakubiak po ogłoszeniu wyników: Od początku o tym mówię". 19 May 2025. Archived from the original on 19 May 2025. Retrieved 19 May 2025.
  25. ^ "Marek Woch na scenie w Końskich. "Popieram Karola Nawrockiego"" (in Polish). 28 May 2025. Archived from the original on 28 May 2025. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
  26. ^ Polska, Grupa Wirtualna (29 May 2025). "Braun poparł Nawrockiego. Jest deklaracja". WP Wiadomości (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
  27. ^ "Artur Bartoszewicz poparł Karola Nawrockiego. "Rafał Trzaskowski jest dla mnie kandydatem, którego nie jestem w stanie zaakceptować"" (in Polish). 30 May 2025. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Retrieved 30 May 2025.
  28. ^ Higgins, Andrew (2 June 2025). "Poland Elects Karol Nawrocki as President". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  29. ^ "Poland: Karol Nawrocki wins presidential election runoff in blow to Donald Tusk's government". The Guardian. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 3 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  30. ^ a b c "Polish opposition party chooses historian Karol Nawrocki as presidential candidate". Euronews. 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024.
  31. ^ Niemasz, Aleksandra (7 December 2024). "Znajomości z gangsterem. "Nasze relacje były publiczne"" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  32. ^ "Sondaż: Kto mógłby zastąpić Karola Nawrockiego jako kandydat PiS na prezydenta?". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 7 December 2024. Archived from the original on 7 December 2024. Retrieved 14 December 2024.
  33. ^ a b "Karol Nawrocki niszczy komiks, MSN stawia sprawę jasno. "Chcemy stać za człowiekiem"" (in Polish). 28 January 2025. Archived from the original on 28 January 2025. Retrieved 13 February 2025.
  34. ^ Mężyński, Andrzej (2 March 2025). "Nawrocki ostro: Wybory to referendum za odrzuceniem Tuska. Demokracja warcząca musi się skończyć" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 2 March 2025. Retrieved 2 March 2025.
  35. ^ "Polish opposition presidential candidate takes poll hit over apartment deal". Reuters. 9 May 2025. Archived from the original on 10 May 2025.
  36. ^ "Ta organizacja dostała mieszkanie Nawrockiego. "To było zaskoczenie"". Onet Wiadomości (in Polish). 15 May 2025. Archived from the original on 15 May 2025.
  37. ^ "Burza wokół Karola Nawrockiego. Oto co zarzucił mu Sławomir Mentzen" (in Polish). 22 May 2025. Archived from the original on 22 May 2025. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
  38. ^ "Proszę pytać Donalda Tuska". Tak Karol Nawrocki zareagował na pytanie o ustawki, 23 May 2025, archived from the original on 23 May 2025, retrieved 27 May 2025
  39. ^ Gądek, Jacek (26 May 2025). "W PiS złość na Nawrockiego. "Zawalił sprawę ustawek", "kręci"". Archived from the original on 29 May 2025. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
  40. ^ Frątczak, Kamil (24 May 2025). "Karol Nawrocki zabrał głos na temat swoich tatuaży. Usunął jeden z nich" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 24 May 2025. Retrieved 29 May 2025.
  41. ^ "Polish presidential candidate denies claims he pimped hookers". TVP World. Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  42. ^ Tilles, Daniel (26 May 2025). "Conservative Polish presidential candidate denies claims of procuring prostitutes". Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  43. ^ "Karol Nawrocki i tajemnice Grand Hotelu". Onet Wiadomości (in Polish). 26 May 2025. Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  44. ^ Misztal, Jacek (26 May 2025). "Tajemnice Nawrockiego i Grand Hotelu, w tle zamawianie prostytutek. Kandydat zapowiada pozew". Bankier.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  45. ^ "Nawrocki i prostytutki w sopockim Grand Hotelu. Dlaczego nie będzie pozwu w trybie wyborczym?". oko.press (in Polish). Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  46. ^ "Controversy after conservative candidate uses nicotine pouch during Polish presidential debate - English Section". www.polskieradio.pl. Archived from the original on 1 June 2025.
  47. ^ "Nawrocki na dopalaczach. Po debacie wzrosło zainteresowanie woreczkami nikotynowymi". Bankier.pl (in Polish). 27 May 2025. Archived from the original on 29 May 2025.
  48. ^ "Karol Nawrocki nie może wytrzymać debaty prezydenckiej bez snusa? Oto dlaczego to problem". www.gazetaprawna.pl (in Polish). 24 May 2025. Archived from the original on 24 May 2025.
  49. ^ "Nawrocki caught repeatedly using nicotine during live TV debates as new evidence emerges - English Section". www.polskieradio.pl. Archived from the original on 27 May 2025.
  50. ^ "Polacy zapytani o snus i ustawki Karola Nawrockiego. Większość wskazała jedną odpowiedź". Onet Wiadomości (in Polish). 26 May 2025. Archived from the original on 26 May 2025.
  51. ^ Plewnia, Katarzyna (25 November 2024). "Karol Nawrocki "kandydatem PiS, ale obywatelskim" na prezydenta RP". Radio Opole (in Polish). Archived from the original on 7 December 2024.
  52. ^ Niemasz, Aleksandra (25 November 2024). "Wystarczyło kilka pytań, by zapędzić Nawrockiego w kozi róg. "Kot w worku"". fakt.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 25 November 2024.
  53. ^ "PiS presidential nominee Karol Nawrocki: I'm running as a civic candidate". TVN24 (in Polish). 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 27 November 2024.
  54. ^ "To on jest kandydatem na prezydenta. Kim jest Karol Nawrocki?". pap.pl (in Polish). 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 24 November 2024.
  55. ^ a b Easton, Adam (2 June 2025). "Poland's conservative president-elect to be tough opponent for PM". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  56. ^ mp (9 January 2025). "Karol Nawrocki on Abortion and Civil Partnerships: A Controversial Stance in the Presidential Race". PolandDaily24.com. Archived from the original on 25 January 2025. Retrieved 1 June 2025.
  57. ^ a b "Oto najważniejsze obietnice i poglądy kandydatów. Trzaskowski, Nawrocki, Mentzen, Hołownia". salon24.pl (in Polish). 25 November 2024. Archived from the original on 25 November 2024.
  58. ^ "Polish opposition picks non-party candidate for presidential election". notesfrompoland.com. 24 November 2024. Archived from the original on 25 November 2024.
  59. ^ "Nawrocki: Jak zostanę prezydentem, jednostronnie wypowiem pakt migracyjny". gazetaprawna.pl (in Polish). 28 February 2025. Archived from the original on 10 February 2025. Retrieved 23 May 2025.
  60. ^ a b Dybińska, Katarzyna (24 November 2024). "Karol Nawrocki o gospodarce. "Jest gorzej". Obiecuje zwolnienie z podatku". interia.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 24 November 2024.
  61. ^ Nawrocki, Karol (9 November 2024). "The Polish Anchor of Freedom". Institute of National Remembrance. Archived from the original on 26 November 2024.
  62. ^ Materna, Marcin (26 November 2024). "Trzaskowski czy Nawrocki: który prezydent bliższy gospodarce?". bankier.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 3 December 2024.
  63. ^ "Karol Nawrocki rozpoczął kampanię. Powiedział, że Polacy kochają kolej". Rzeczpospolita (in Polish). 25 November 2024. Archived from the original on 25 November 2024.
  64. ^ Krześniak-Sajewicz, Monika (29 April 2025). "Nawrocki zmienia zdanie w sprawie podatku katastralnego? "Te wypowiedzi są sprzeczne"". Interia (in Polish). Archived from the original on 29 April 2025.
  65. ^ Ceglarz, Jakub (12 April 2025). "Składka zdrowotna w debacie. Karol Nawrocki zaskoczył". Business Insider (in Polish). Archived from the original on 12 April 2025.
  66. ^ Ptak, Alicja (13 February 2025). "Poland's Solidarity trade union endorses opposition presidential candidate" (in Polish). Archived from the original on 13 February 2025.
  67. ^ "Latarnik Wyborczy. Rafał Trzaskowski i Karol Nawrocki zgodni w 40 proc". Onet (in Polish). 25 April 2025. Archived from the original on 25 April 2025.
  68. ^ a b Polska, Grupa Wirtualna (24 November 2024). "Karol Nawrocki kandydatem na prezydenta. Zapowiada ustawy "dla ratowania dobrobytu"". money.pl (in Polish). Archived from the original on 25 November 2024.
  69. ^ a b "Jakie poglądy ma kandydat na prezydenta Karol Nawrocki?". wm.pl (in Polish). 25 November 2024. Archived from the original on 28 February 2025.
  70. ^ "Polish Opposition Presidential Candidate Sees Ukraine Neither in NATO Nor in the EU". Kyiv Post. 10 January 2025. Archived from the original on 10 January 2025.
  71. ^ "Conservative presidential candidate Nawrocki responds to demands of radical-right rival Braun". Notes from Poland. 26 May 2025. Archived from the original on 27 May 2025.
  72. ^ "Conservative Holocaust revisionist Karol Nawrocki wins Polish presidential election". The Times of Israel. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025.
  73. ^ Bartov, Shira Li (31 May 2025). "Poland votes for its next president, with Polish-Jewish history on the ballot". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 31 May 2025.
  74. ^ "Wybory prezydenckie 2025. Izraelskie media komentują zwycięstwo Karola Nawrockiego". Onet.pl (in Polish). Polska Agencja Prasowa. 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 2 June 2025.
  75. ^ a b c "Oto nowa pierwsza dama. Kim jest Marta Nawrocka?". Business Insider (in Polish). 2 June 2025. Archived from the original on 27 May 2025. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  76. ^ "Kim jest Daniel Nawrocki? Wiek, wykształcenie, pochodzenie, działalność samorządowa - Wiadomości Radio ZET". wiadomosci.radiozet.pl (in Polish). 25 November 2024. Archived from the original on 27 November 2024. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
  77. ^ "Pałac Prezydencki. Uroczystość wręczenia odznaczeń". prezydent.pl (in Polish). 19 October 2021. Archived from the original on 29 November 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2025.
  78. ^ "Postanowienie nr rej. 514/2016 Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 4 listopada 2016 r. o nadaniu odznaczeń". Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych (in Polish). 30 January 2017. Archived from the original on 16 June 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2025.
[edit]
Civic offices
Preceded by Director of the Museum of the Second World War
2017–2021
Succeeded by
Preceded by President of the Institute of National Remembrance
2021–present
Incumbent